Brain Anatomy - Lab

Question 1

What are the five lobes of the cerebrum?

Answer 1

1. Frontal
2. Insula
3. Parietal
4. Occipital
5. Temporal Lobe

Question 2

Cerebral hemispheres

Question 3

Sulci

Answer 3

Fissures & grooves in the cerebral cortex

Question 4

Gyri

Answer 4

Folds in the cerebral cortex (the high points?)

Question 5

Longitudinal Fissure

Answer 5

divides the right and left hemispheres of the cerebrum

Question 6

central sulcus

Answer 6

• separates frontal and parietal lobe
• separates the motor and sensory regions of the brain
• look for the continuous sulcus.

Question 7

precentral gyrus

Answer 7

primary motor cortex. Generates voluntary commands to the skeletal muscles

Question 8

postcentral gyrus

Answer 8

primary sensory cortex

where the general sense of touch is perceived. Other senses more complex & require much more cortex

Question 9

lateral sulcus

Answer 9

boundary between frontal and temporal lobe

Question 10

Insula

Answer 10

is a portion of the cerebral cortex folded deep within the lateral sulcus

Question 11

corpus callosum

Answer 11

thick white matter that connects the cerebral hemispheres.

(Side note: The inferior portion is the fornix. Connects deep structures of the limbic system. Narrows anteriorly to connect with anterior commissure)

Question 12

septum pellucidum

Question 13

anterior commissure

Answer 13

another tract of white matter connecting the left and right cerebral hemispheres

Question 14

What are the six major regions of the brain?

Answer 14

1. Cerebrum
2. Diencephalon
3. Mesencephalon
4. Pons
5. Medulla Oblongta
6. Cerebellum

Question 15

Which regions make up the brain stem?

Answer 15

1. Mesencephalon
2. Pons
3. Medulla Oblongata

Question 16

cerebral cortex

Answer 16

Surfaces of the cerebral hemispheres that contain gray (unmyelinated) matter. Contains folds (gyri) and grooves (sulci)

Question 17

frontal lobe

Answer 17

motor region

Question 18

Parietal lobe

Answer 18

The sensory region

Note: posterior to the central sulcus. Contains the post-central gyrus.

Question 19

Occipital Lobe

Answer 19

contains visual cortex

Question 20

Temporal lobe

Answer 20

contains auditory cortex and olfactory cortex

Question 21

basal nuclei

(basal ganglia)

Answer 21

paired mass of grey matter in each cerebral hemisphere involved in automating voluntary muscle contractions.

Question 22

What nuclei make up the basal ganglia?

Answer 22

• caudate nucleus (medial)
• lentiform nucleus (lateral)
• amygdaloid (lateral - tip of caudate nucleus)

Question 23

What two parts make up the lentiform nucleus?

Answer 23

1. Putamen
2. Globus pallidus

Question 24

What is the internal capsule?

Answer 24

a band of white matter that connects the cerebrum to the diencephalon, brain stem, and cerebellum

Question 25

What are the only sensory impulses pass that do not pass into tthe thalamus?

Answer 25

smell and prioprioception

Question 26

What are the components of the diencephalon?

Answer 26

* Thalamus * Hypothalamus

Question 27

What structure connects the right and left sides of the thalamus?

Answer 27

interthalamic adhesion (massa intermedia)

Question 28

Pineal gland

Answer 28

cone-shaped structure superior to the mesencephalon, positioned between cerebrum and cerebellum. Is considered part of the diencephalon?

Question 29

What two components make up the hypothalamus?

Answer 29

1. Infundibulum - stalk that attaches the 2. Pituitary gland (not on exam: mamillary bodies)

Question 30

Nuclei of the hypothalamus

Answer 30