Clinical Microscopy

Question 1

Underused tool for the overall evaluation of renal function
Permits a detailed, in-depth assessment of renal status with an easily obtained specimen

Answer 1

Urinalysis

Question 2

A waste product of metabolism formed by the kidney’s basic functional units called

Answer 2

nephron

Question 3

___________ refers to the surgical removal of the kidneys

Answer 3

Nephrectomy

Question 4

These are three processes involved in urine formation, namely,

Answer 4

Glomerular filtration, tubular reabsorption, and tubular secretion

Question 5

One way of assessing normal kidney function

Answer 5

GFR

Question 6

A first-morning urine sample is preferred for protein analysis because it is more concentrated from overnight retention in the bladder

Answer 6

Early morning urine

Question 7

Urine collected any time of the day; for routine urinalysis

Answer 7

Random urine

Question 8

For glucose determination

Answer 8

Fasting/post-prandial urine

Question 9

specimen collection for clearance test

Answer 9

Timed urine

Question 10

Method of collection

Answer 10

Clean midstream catch

Question 11

Must be analyzed within 1 hour of collection if stored at room temperature

Answer 11

If delay is anticipated, refrigerate at 2C-8C for not more than 8 hours

Question 12

Effects of unpreserved urine

Answer 12

Bacterial multiplication will cause false (+) nitrite test.

Question 13

The color of urine is attributed to the presence of the three coloring pgments, namely

Answer 13

urochrome, urobilin, and uroerythrin.

Question 14

Normal adult volume

Answer 14

750-2000 mL/24hr

Question 15

Optimal volume for accurate ru

Answer 15

10-12 mL aliquot

Question 16

Refers to the degree of cloudiness in a urine

Answer 16

Turbidity

Question 17

Diabetic urine due to the presence of ketone bodies

Answer 17

Fruity odor

Question 18

Specific gravity Normal value

Answer 18

1.005-1.030

Question 19

Refers to the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion concentration

Answer 19

pH

Question 20

Normal pH of a random urine

Answer 20

4.5 - 8.0 pH

Question 21

has envelope shape

Answer 21

Calcium oxalate

Question 22

Sand grain-like

Answer 22

Amorphous urates

Question 23

Polymorphic

Answer 23

Uric Acid

Question 24

Rectangular plate with notched corners

Answer 24

Cholesterol

Question 25

Flat hexagon

Answer 25

Cystine

Question 26

Dumbbell or sphere

Answer 26

Calcium carbonate

Question 27

Thorny apples

Answer 27

Ammonium biurate