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Renal Exam 1 > Clinical - Glomerular Disease > Flashcards

Clinical - Glomerular Disease Flashcards

1
Q

What is a urinary albumin excretion of 30-300 mg/1.7m/24 hrs?

A

Microalbuminuria

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2
Q

What is a urinary albumin excretion more than 300 mg/1.7m/24 hrs?

A

Overt proteinuria

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3
Q

What s the urinary protein value of nephrotic syndrome?

A

Urinary protein greater than 3.5g/1.73m/24hrs

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4
Q

What are the findings in nephrotic syndrome?

A

Hypoalbuminemia, peripheral edema, hypercholesterolemia, lipiduria (maltese crosses)

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5
Q

What is the thrombotic complication of nephrotic syndrome?

A

Renal vein thrombosis

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6
Q

How is the urine in nephritic syndrome?

A

Oliguria, proteinuria, urinary sediment with dysmorphic RBC

cola or smoky appearance

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7
Q

How is the urine in nephrotic syndrome?

A

Hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia, lipiduria (maltese crosses)

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8
Q

What bacteria causes post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

A

Group A beta hemolytic streptococci

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9
Q

What glomerular changes are associated with post streptococcal glomerulonephritis

A

Hypercellularity of the glomerular tufts
Subepithelial humps
Starry sky, mesangial, garland

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10
Q

What are the clinical findings in IgA nephropathy (Berger disease)

A

Microscopic hematuria and proteinuria

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11
Q

What is seen on light microscopy in IgA nephropathy

A

Mesangial expansion

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12
Q

What is seen on immunofluoresence in IgA nephropathy

A

Strong IgA staining with in the mesangium

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13
Q

How does Henock-Shonlein purpura present?

A

Microscopic or gross hematuria

RBC cast, purpura, abdominal pain

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14
Q

How does membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis present

A

Hematuria, proteinuria, nephritic syndrome

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15
Q

What are the lab findings of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

A

Proliferation of mesangium and thickening of glomerular capillary wall

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16
Q

How do you treat membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis

A

Long term corticosteroid therapy

17
Q

What is rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis

A

Deterioration of renal function with active urinary sediment

Crescentic glomerulonephritis

18
Q

What is wegeners granulomatosis

A

Granulomatous inflammation involving respiratory tract and vasculitis affecting small and medium sized vessels

19
Q

What is polyarteritis nodosa vasculitis

A

Necrotizing inflammation of medium sized or small arteries without glomerulonephritis or vasculitis

20
Q

What organ system is involved in Goodpastures

A

pulmonary renal

21
Q

What antibodies are involved in Goodpastures

A

Circulating anti-GBM antibodies

22
Q

What is minimal change nephropathy

A

Absence of structural glomerular abnormalities except epithelial cell foot processes seen on electron microscopy

23
Q

What is the treatment of minimal change nephropathy

A

High dose corticosteroids

24
Q

What are the clinical features of membranous nephropathy

A

Autoantibodies to the M-type phospholipase A2 receptor
Proteinuria
Subepithelial deposits along GBM

25
Q

What is the cause of primary membranous nephropathy

A

Unknown

26
Q

What is the cause of secondary membranous nephropathy

A

Autoimmune disease

27
Q

What medications can cause membranous nephropathy

A

NSAIDS, penicillamine

28
Q

How do you treat membranous nephropathy

A 
ACEi and ARBs originally 
Immunosuppresive therapies (corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents)
29
Q

What is the common cause of end stage renal disease in the US

A

Diabetic nephropathy

30
Q

What is the early manifestation of diabetic nephropathy

A

Microalbuminuria

31
Q

What lesion on renal biopsy is pathognomonic for diabetic nephropathy

A

Kimmelsteil-WIlson nodules

32
Q

How can you slow diabetic nephropathy

A

Tight glycemic control

ACEi or ARBs

33
Q

Should diabetic patients with microalbuminuria start ACEi even if they are normotensive

A

Yes

34
Q

When is renal biopsy necessary for a patient with diabetic nephropathy

A

Patients with atypical course

35
Q

What is the immune deposit location of SLE nephritis

A

Glomerular capillary subendothelium and fingerprint like pattern of tubuloreticular inclusions

Renal Exam 1 (7 decks)

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