Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Clinical Skills > Clinical exam > Flashcards

Clinical exam Flashcards

1
Q

What does SOAP stand for?

A

Subjective
Objective
Assessment
Plan

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What do you look for in the subjective part of the exam?

A

Signalment
History
Observe demeanour, gait

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What do you do in the objective part of the clinical exam?

A

Physical exam

Measurable parts - HR, RR, capillary refill etc

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the aim of the plan in SOAP?

A

Create list of differential diagnosis
Stabilise patient
Communicate with client
Consider further investigation and diagnostic tests

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What should you palpate on the head?

A

Muscles - check for symmetry

Submandibular lymph node

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What should you do when examining dog mouth?

A

Open to look at throat and back of mouth
Check teeth
Assess capillary refill time on gums (<2 seconds)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What should you do when examining the dog neck/throat?

A

Tracheal pinch test - positive = abnormal
Palpate retropharyngal and prescapular lymph nodes
Examine jugular
Check neck motion
Auscultate neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What should you do when examining the dog thorax

A 
Examine skin, muscles,s sternum, ribs and hydration
Check for symmetry 
Auscultate heart and lungs
Take HR an pulse (should be identical)
Percuss lungs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Where is the heart located? How do you find this?

A

Between ribs 3 and 6

Count from ribs backwards or at olecranon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

When auscultating the heart make sure the FL is pulled forward. Where is the olecranon located on the thorax?

A

5th costochondral junction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What valves are found on either side of the ribs? Where do you auscultate them?

A 
Left = 345 PAM
Right = tricuspid valve at 4th - 5th intercostal space
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Percussion of the heart should sound dull as it is fluid filled. What is this called?

A

Cardiac dullness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What should you be checking for when auscultating the heart?

A

Check HR and pulse

Check for arrhythmias, tachycardia and bradycardia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the heart sounds and what causes them?

A 
S1 = blood rebounding on AV valves 
S2 = deceleration of blood in great vessels after aorta
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do S1 and S2 mark?

A

Start and end of systole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are S3 and S4 called?

Are they normal? What do they suggest?

A

Gallops
Normal in horses
Show decreased compliance and ventricular stiffening in small animals

17
Q

When listening to murmurs, what should you ask yourself?

A

Systolic (between S1 and S2) or diastolic?
What is the most intense point?
Pitch?

18
Q

What is a machinery murumur? Is it systolic or diastolic?

A

Patent ductus arteriosis

Both systolic and diastolic

19
Q

How should the lungs sound when percussed?

A

Tympanic (hollow)

20
Q

What should you hear when auscultating the lungs?

A

Barely anything in healthy animal

Especially cat

21
Q

What borders the lung feeds?

A

Vertebral column
Sternum
Forelimb
Diaphragm

22
Q

What is wheezing?
Where is it found?
Is it inspiratory or expiratory?

A

Dry sound
Lower respiratory tract
Usually expiratory

23
Q

What is crackling?
Where is it found?
Is it inspiratory or expiratory?

A

Moist sound
Lower respiratory tract
Either

24
Q

What are reduced lung sounds a sign of? Give 2 examples of what this could be?

A

Filling of pleural space
E.g. pleural effusion (fluid between pleura)
E.g. pneumothorax (lung tear –> air in thoracic cavity)

25
Q

What 3 systems are found in the abdomen?

A

Urinary
Repro
GI

26
Q

What should you do when examining the abdomen?

A

Examine skin and muscle
Auscultate and percuss abdomen
Palpate palpable organs with flat hands

27
Q

What organs are palpable in the abdomen?

A 
Caudal liver
Spleen
Kidneys (right more cranial)
Intestinal loop
Bladder
Mammary glands
28
Q

What should you do when examining the groin and perineum?

A

Examine skin and external genitalia and anus
Palpate inguinal lymph nodes
Record femoral pulse
Take rectal temperature

29
Q

What should you do to examine the limbs?

A

Check nails, nail beds and in between each digit
Check for dewclaws
Check footpads
Check range of movement
Palpate bones of FL/HL
Check femoral/metacarpal pulse
Check lymph nodes- axillary (FL), popliteal (HL)

30
Q

What lymph nodes are palpable in the dog?

A 
Submandibular
Retropharyngeal
Prescapular
Axillary
Inguinal
Popliteal
31
Q

What is the heart rate of a dog?

A

70-160

32
Q

What is the RR of a dog?

A

10-30

33
Q

What is the HR of a cat?

A

120-220

34
Q

What is the RR of a cat?

A

20-30

Clinical Skills (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions