Carnivore Dentistry

Question 1

What is the dental formula for a cat? (Permanent)

Answer 1

I 3/3 
C 1/1
PM 3/2 
M 1/1 
(30)

Question 2

What is the dental formula for a deciduous cat?

Answer 2

I 3/3
C 1/1
PM 3/2 
M 0/0
(26)

Question 3

What is the permanent formula for dog teeth?

Answer 3

I 3/3
C1/1
PM 4/4
M 2/3 
(42)

Question 4

What is the formula for the deciduous teeth of a dog?

Answer 4

I 3/3 
C 1/1
PM 3/3
M0/0
(28)

Question 5

Teeth need probing around how many points of the teeth? Which do you record?

Answer 5

6

Record deepest

Question 6

A periodontal pocket is when the probe reaches a minimum of how many millimetres in the cat and dog?

Answer 6

Cat >1

Dog >3

Question 7

Teeth are numbered using what system? Which arcade matches which number?

Answer 7

Triadan
Right maxillary 1
Left maxillary 2
Left mandibular 3
Right mandibular 4

Question 8

What number are canines always?

Answer 8

4

Question 9

What number are the upper carnassial?

Answer 9

8

Last premolar

Question 10

What number tooth is the lower carnassial?

Answer 10

9

First molar

Question 11

What is furcation exposure? What causes it?

Answer 11

The exposed part where the roots of a multirooted tooth meet
Bone loss due to periodontal disease

Question 12

What is plaque?

Answer 12

Biofilm of gram positive aerobes

Question 13

What is calculus/tartar?

Answer 13

Mineralised plaque

Question 14

What is periodontal disease?

Answer 14

Collective term for group of disease - plaque induced inflammation including peridontitis and gingivitis

Question 15

What is gingivitis and periodontitis?

Answer 15

Inflammation of gingiva

Irreversible destruction of periodontal tissues

Question 16

What can periodontitis lead to?

Answer 16

Tooth losing attachment

Question 17

What are the periodontal tissues/periodontium?

Answer 17

Gingiva
Cementum
PDL
Alveolar bone

Question 18

Carnivore teeth are brachydont. What does this mean?

Answer 18

Short crowned

Well developed roots

Question 19

Deciduous teeth erupt generally at around…

Answer 19

5 wks

Question 20

All permanent teeth are usually present by…

Answer 20

7 months

Question 21

Which teeth are in the dog have 2 roots?

Answer 21

06, 07 maxillary

06-10 mandibuar

Question 22

Which teeth in the dog have 3 roots?

Answer 22

08-10 maxillary

Question 23

Which teeth in the cat have 2 roots?

Answer 23

07 maxillary

07-09 mandibular

Question 24

Which teeth in the cat have 3 roots?

Answer 24

08 maxillary

Question 25

What are alveolar sockets lined with? What is this visible on radiographs as?

Answer 25

Cribiform pate | Visible on radiographs as lamina dura

Question 26

When doing dental procedures, what must be placed?

Answer 26

``` ET tube (inflated in dogs - cats can get laryngeal spasms) Pharyngeal pack (prevent fluid entering trachea) ```

Question 27

What are the first things to be done when the animal is prepared for a dental?

Answer 27

Fill in dental chart Record missing teeth and abnormalities Grade each tooth from 0-3 for for plaque, calculus and gingivitis Probe each gingival sulcus

Question 28

Gingivitis is graded from 0-3. Describe each grade

Answer 28

0- normal gingiva 1 - mild redness and inflammation, no bleeding on probing 2- moderate redness and inflammation, bleeding on probing 3- severe redness and inflammation, spontaneous bleeding

Question 29

What is the purpose of scaling and polishing?

Answer 29

Scaling - remove calculus and deposits on teeth and below gumline to leave smooth surface, inhibits plaque accumulation Polish - smooth any irregularities left by scaling

Question 30

What instruments are used for a scale and polish?

Answer 30

Sickle scaler - curved and straight blade Curette Prophy paste Prophy cup

Question 31

Most scalers are ultrasonic. When would you use a hand scaler?

Answer 31

Hard to reach areas | Areas with a periodontal pocket

Question 32

How long do you scale and polish each tooth for?

Answer 32

2-3 seconds | Swap between teeth

Question 33

The water should be set to a fine mist spray whilst scaling. What is the purpose of this?

Answer 33

To prevent over heating tooth and damaging alveolar nerve

Question 34

What speed should be used when polishing? How much prophy paste should be used?

Answer 34

Low speed | Lots of prophy paste

Question 35

What should you do after performing a scale and polish?

Answer 35

Flush mouth with saline or dilute chlorhexidine to remove prophy paste and loose calculus Chart teeth again