Clinical Connections

Question 1

Multiple Sclerosis

Answer 1

• Diseases that causes progressive destruction of myelin sheaths surrounding neurons in the CNS.
• Autoimmune disease - the body is attack its own immune system
• Usually appears between the ages 20-40
• Affects females twice as more than males

Question 2

Meningitis

Answer 2

• Inflammation of the meninges due to an infection, caused by bacterium or virus
• Symptoms : Fever, headache, stiff neck, confusion, stiff neck , and drowsiness

Question 3

Cerebrovascular Accident

Answer 3

• Stroke or brain attack
• Abrupt onset of persisting neurological symptoms, such as paralysis or loss of sensation that arise from destruction of brain tissue
• Risk factors : High blood pressure, High blood cholesterol, heart diseases , excessive alcohol intake, obesity
• Causes: Intracerebral hemorrhage, emboli, atherosclerosis

Question 4

Blood- Brain Barrier

Answer 4

• Prevents passage of helpful substances as well as those that are potentially harmful
• Consist of specialized brain capillaries and astrocytes

Question 5

Alzheimer Disease

Answer 5

• Disabling senile of dementia

- Loss of reasoning and ability to care for oneself

Question 6

Encephalitis

Answer 6

• Acute inflammation of the brain caused by either direct attack by any several viruses or allergic reaction to many of viruses that are normally harmless to the central nervous system.

Question 7

Poliomyelitis

Answer 7

• Aka polio
• Virus caused by poliovirus
• Symptoms are : Stiff neck and back, deep muscle pain, weakness, loss of somatic reflexes
• Virus produces paralysis by destroying cell bodies of motor neuron, especially those in the anterior horns of the spinal cord and in the nuclei of the cranial