Clinical - Block 2

Question 1

What is demyelinated in MS?

Answer 1

Abducens Nerve

Question 2

What is Brown Squared Syndrome?

Answer 2

Hemiplegia - loss of sensation and motor function due to lateral hemisection of the spinal cord.

Question 3

More about what causes Bell’s Palsy?

Answer 3

Could be: Herpes, Lyme disease, diabetes, AIDs, sarcoid or tumors. Usually self resolves and may impact other roles of facial nerve like taste, tear and saliva production.

Question 4

What does increased activity in temporal lobe on MRI indicate?

Answer 4

HSV encephalitis - use acyclovir to treat

Question 5

Properties of N. meningitis and who gets it?

Answer 5

Gram -, diplococci
Prisoners, military vets, college students
-Can get a rash - red discrete macules with N. meningitis

Question 6

Best way to treat N. meningitis?

Answer 6

Gram -

Ceftriaxone

Question 7

What can aminoglycosides cause?

Answer 7

Otoxicity - including ringing ears

Question 8

What does bisphosphate do?

Answer 8

Blocks osteoclast activity –> blocks bone resorption

Question 9

What does decreasing prostaglandins do the stomach?

Answer 9

It increases acid (H+) secretion, decreases gastric mucous secretion –> stomach lesion/ulcer

Question 10

How does aspirin cause an increased respiratory rate and heart rate?

Answer 10

It produces salicylate toxicity –> metabolic acidosis –> dec. pH –> High Resp. Rate & HR

Question 11

Everything goes through the inferior cerebral peduncle except. . .

Answer 11

Pontocerebellar tract - goes through middle cerebellar peduncle

Question 12

What does the solitary nucleus contain?

Answer 12

Visceral (taste, touch) sensation; receives first-order neurons from CN VII, IX and X - 2nd order neurons go to the thalamus

Question 13

What is in the medial longitudinal fasciculus?

Answer 13

Cell bodies in vestibular nuclei - connects CN III, CN IV and VI and upper cervical motor neurons