Block 5 Review Flashcards
What looks dark on T1 and T2 MRI?
What looks light?
Dark - CSF, edema, bone, air, calcium, some lesions
Middle - white and gray matter
Light - fat, blood, gal - contrast material
What stage has low amplitude, high frequency beta wave?
Awake - in presence of Orexin
REM Sleep!
What is seen in an EEG of a seizure?
Low frequency, high amplitude waves outputed from the cortex. Thalamocortical oscillations synchronize firing across the thalamus.
Where does AD cause neurofibrillary tangles?
Hippocampus
Difference between Naloxone and Naltrexone?
Naloxone - for opioid OD
Naltrexone - for opioid addiction
What is the significance of the GABAergic neurons in the VPLO?
“Sleep switch” that inhibits ARAS nuclei & orexin neurons
What does Melanin-concentrating hormone do?
Promotes REM sleep
What is the significance of ARAS?
Cholinergic, dopaminergic and histaminergic neurons that promote wakefulness!
What does dexamethasone inhibit?
Prostaglandin synthesis
What does a high MAC value indicate? What has the highest MAC value?
High MAC = low potency
Low MAC = high potency
Nitrous Oxide has highest MAC
What has the lowest MAC value of the anesthetics?
Halothane - it is very potent!
What is the MOA for Ketamine?
Potent, high affinity, NMDA receptor antagonist
