clinical and radiographic examination Flashcards
what six criteria are needed for a complete periodontal examination?
- perio probing
- clinical attachment loss
- BOP
- mobility
- furcation involvement
- plaque index.
what 2 probes are traditionally used for perio probing?
UNC and CP
how do you probe interproximally?
line the cusp tip and the root apex up with the perio probe.
probing force should be how many newtons?
.75N
What is the preferred method for determining periodontal diagnosis?
clinical attachment loss
mild, moderate, and severe CAL levels
mild- 1-2mm of loss
moderate- 3-4 mm of loss
severe- 5mm+ of loss
when does the probing dept=CAL?
when gingival margin is at CEJ
When do you subtract from you probing depth?
pseudopockets, when gingival margin is above CEJ
when do you add to your pocket depth fo CAL?
recession, when gingival margin is below CEJ
Bleeding upon probing
one of eariliest signs of gingival inflammation. This occurs even sooner than color change or other visual signs
whats one of the most common reasons for BOP?
chronic inflammation, caplillaries are engoreged and close to the surface.
miller tooth mobility classes
1- fist distinguishable sign of movement greater than “normal”
- 1mm of combined movement
- 1+mm in any direction and /or vertical depression or rotation of the crown in its socket( the moement it becomes compressible its a 3)
what probe is used for furcation detection?
neighbors probe
class 1 furcation
the concavity above the furcation can be felt but not the furcation itself
class 2 furcation
probe partially enters furcation extending ~1/3 the width of tooth
class 3 furcation
in mandibular molars the probe passes completely through the furcation.
In maxillary molars the probe passes through until being impeded by the palatal root.
class 4 furcation
same as class 3 but entrance to furcation is visible clinally.
whats the average width of a furcation entrance and a scaler?
furcation entrance- .5mm.
scaler- .75mm.
its hard to fit the scaler in.
whats the plaque index used for?
to determine patients ability to remove plaque and material from teeth
plaque index scores 0-3
PI0- no plaque in gingival area
PI1- film of plaque adhering to FGM & adjacent areas. This plaque is only seen be running probe on tooth surface
PI2- soft deposits within gingival sulcus and FGM. This can be seen by the naked eye
PI3- abundance of soft matter within the gingival sulcus, and FGM
how is PI calculated?
count sites with plaque
divide by sites that dont have plaque
what films can be used for a proper periodontal diagnosis?
intra oral radiographs panorex CT scans ( implants)
Intra oral radiographs are most accurate because….
they produce the least amount of magnification ( 6-7%)
periapicals and bitewings
whats the pritchard criteria for periapical films?
includes cusp tips with little to none of the occlusal surface showing
enamel caps and pulp chambers showing
open interproximals
proximal contacts shouldnt overlap unless teeth are our of line
