Clinical 5 - Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases

Question 1

What are the characteristics of emphysema?

Answer 1

Enlargement of air spaces
Destruction of alveolar walls
Weight loss

Question 2

What chromosome is a1AT on?

Answer 2

Chromosome 14

Question 3

What is the genetic inheritance of a1AT?

Answer 3

AR

Question 4

What is the phenotype of a1AT?

Answer 4

PiZZ

Question 5

What is a1AT?

Answer 5

Secretory glycoprotein

Inhibits proteolytic enzymes

Question 6

How do you treat a1AT?

Answer 6

Replacement therapy

Question 7

What are the treatment options for COPD?

Answer 7

Bronchodilators

Proper inhalation technique

Question 8

What are the hallmarks of asthma?

Answer 8

Mucus gland hypertrophy
Mucus hypersecretion
Epithelial desquamation
Widening of basement membrane
Eosinophilic infiltration

Question 9

What GI condition may exacerbate asthma?

Answer 9

GERD

Question 10

What is the diagnostic features of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis?

Answer 10

Develops in patients with asthma and/or CF
Increased IgE
Radiographic infiltrates
Peripheral blood eosinophilia

Question 11

What is the treatment for allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis?

Answer 11

Corticosteroids

Question 12

What is obstructive sleep apnea?

Answer 12

Periodic cessation of air-flow (>10 sec) during sleep due to obstruction of upper airway

Question 13

What are the three characteristics of patients with sleep apnea?

Answer 13

Obese
Known to snore
Complain of daytime sleepiness

Question 14

What is the treatment for sleep apnea?

Answer 14

Continuous positive airway pressure
Bilevel positive airway pressure
Tracheostomy in severe cases

Question 15

What does the PFT show in diffuse lung disease?

Answer 15

Restrictive change with various degrees of gas exchange abnormalities and hypoxemia