Clicker Questions Exam 1 Flashcards by Katie Fitzgerald

Which of the following would have to be a transmembrane protein?

a. A receptor Protein
b. A protein binding to the cytoskeleton
c. A channel Protein
d. A phosphorylase

C. A channel Protein

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Which organelle(s) is/are associated with intracellular trafficking?

The ER (smooth and rough) and the Golgi Apparatus

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Which organelle(s) is/are associated with most ATP production?

The Mitochondria

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Which organelle is directly associated with the synthesis of proteins for secretion?

Rough ER

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Pits coated with _____ are often associated with endocytosis.

Clathrin

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What transport mechanisms require

energy other than kinetic energy?

Active Transport

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Which is most concentrated in the extracellular environment?

Sodium

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The sodium-potassium pump is an example of which of the following kinds of transport?

Primary Active Transport

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The Sodium-Glucose pump is an example of what kind of transport?

Secondary Active Transport

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The Sodium-Calcium Pump is an example of which kind of the following kinds of transport?

A. Diffusion

B. Primary Active Transport

C. Secondary Active Transport

D. Facilitated Diffusion

C. Secondary Active Transport

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Glucose transporters (GLUT transporters) employ which of the following kinds of transport?

a. diffusion
b. Primary active transport
c. Secondary active transport
d. Facilitated diffusion

D. Facilitated Diffusion

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Which of the following types of neurons would transmit an action potential the fastest?

A. Small diameter, non-myelinated

B. Small diameter, myelinated

C. Large diameter, myelinated

D. Large diameter, non-myelinated

c. Large Diameter, myelinated

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Saltatory conduction is characteristic of which part of a typical neuron

a. Dendrite
b. Nerve cell body
c. Axon hillock
d. Axon

D. Axon

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A selectivity filter with carbonyl Oxygens is associated with which of the following kinds of ion channels?

a. Gated sodium
b. Non-gated sodium
c. Potassium
d. Chloride

C. Potassium

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The resting potential for a typical neuron, such as a motor neuron, is best represented by which of the following potentials>

a. 74 mV
b. -74mV
c. 90 mV
d. -90 mV

D. -90 mV

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Which of the following terms refer to a chain of sarcomeres?

a. Muscle
b. Myofiber
c. Myofibril
d. Myofilament

C. Myofibril

Which of the following sarcomeric bands does not undergo a change in length during the contraction of a skeletal muscle?

a. A band
b. H band
c. I band
d. J band

A. A band

Which of the following sarcomeric bands is composed entirely of actin filaments?

a. A band
b. H band
c. I band
d. J band

C. I band

Dihydropyridine (DHP) channels are part of which of the following structures?

a. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
b. Plasmalemma
c. T tubules
d. Z discs

C. T Tubules

Ryanodine-sensitive calcium ion release channels are part of which of the following structures?

a. Sarcoplasmic reticulum
b. Plasmalemma
c. T tubules
d. Z discs

A. Sarcoplasmic Reticulum

Which of the following events occurs first during the transmission of a signal from an alpha motor neuron to a skeletal muscle fiber?

a. End-plate depolarization (EPP)
b. Calcium ion influx into axon terminal
c. Exocytosis of synaptic vesicles
d. Sarcolemma Action potential

B. Calcium ion influx into axon terminal

Which of the following represents the factor by which the concentration of calcium ion increases in the cytosol after release form the sarcoplasmic reticulum?

a. 10
b. 50
c. 100
d. 1000

C. 100

Which of the following maintains an optimum calcium concentration gradient to facilitate return of calcium to SR?

a. Calsequestrin
b. SERCA
c. DHP
d. Ryanodine

A. Calsequestrin

Fast twitch fibers have which of the following characteristics?

a. They are reddish in color compared to slow twitch fibers
b. The have more mitochondria than slow twitch fibers
c. They have more myoglobin than slow twitch fibers
d. They are more fatigable than slow twitch fibers

D. They are more fatigable than slow twitch fibers

Which of the following represents an example of an eccentric contraction? a. The triceps muscle during the throwing of a ball b. The triceps muscle while raising the body from the floor during a push-up c. The triceps muscle while lowering the body to the floor during a push-up d. The biceps muscle while raising the body during a pull-up

C. The triceps muscle while lowering the body to the floor during a push-up

Which of the following are anchored to the presynaptic membrane and associated with synaptic vesicles to which they are tethered by short filaments? a. Synaptic vesicles b. Calcium channels c. Dense bars d. dihydropyridine channels

c. Dense bars

In order for an acetylcholine- gated ion channel to open, how many Ach molecules are necessary to attach to its alpha subunits? a. One b. Two c. Three d. Four

B. two

Which of the following represents the first thing that happens after Ach binds to the ligand-gated channels on the sarcolemma? a. An action potential is created on the sarcolemma b. Dihydropyridine channels allow entry to calcium ions c. An end-plate potential is created on the muscle fiber d. Ryanodinaling channels allow calcium to escape into the myoplasm

c. An end-plate potential is created on the muscle fiber

The vesicles for acetylcholine are transported to the axon terminal from where? a. rough ER b. Smooth ER c. The axon terminal membrane d. Golgi

D. Golgi

Which of the following can be used to inactivate acetylcholinesterase? a. Methacholine b. Neostigigmine c. Nicotine d. Carbachol

b.Neostigigmine

The resting potential of -85 mV is characteristic of which of the following phases of the cardiac fast action potential? a. Stage 1 b. Stage 2 c. Stage 3.. d. Stage 4

D. Phase 4

The Sodium-calcium exchanger in the sarcolemma of the cardiac muscle is an example of which of the following mechanisms

Secondary Active Transport involving an Antiporter

Left ventricle isovolumic contraction occurs immediately following which of the following events? A. Closure of aortic valve B. Opening of aortic valve C. Closure of AV valve D. Opening of AV valve

C. Closure of AV valve

Which of the following statement is true for the period of rapid ejection? (think ventricle) A. It occurs when the left ventricular pressure is above 80 mmHg B. The semilunar valves are closed during the phase C. It occurs during the last 2/3 of ejection D. It results in the ejection of about 90% of the total volume of blood

A. It occurs when the left ventricular pressure is above 80 mmHg Note: Once the pressure of the ventricle exceeds the pressure of the atria it will open

Stroke volume output can be increase by which of the following mechanisms? A. Decreasing EDV B. Increasing EDV C. Increasing ESV D. By decreasing EDV and increasing ESV

B. Increasing EDV End Diastolic Volume

In a typical ECG, which of the following waves occurs at the beginning of the contraction of the atria? A. T B. R C. S D. P E. Q

D. P

Which of the following events is generally not seen on a typical ECG? A. Atrial depolarization B. Atrial repolarization C. Ventricular depolarization D. Ventricular repolarization

B. Atrial repolarization

What is the mean electrical axis of the normal ventricles?

It is 59 degrees