Classifying organisms

Question 1

Taxonomy

Answer 1

The science of classifying organisms (based on structure, function, biochemistry, or other relationships)

Question 2

Hierarchy of biological classification

Answer 2

Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (dear king phillip came over for good soup)

Question 3

Domain of life

Answer 3

The most general level of life that an organism can be classified into
(Archaea, Bacteria, Eukarya)

Question 4

Archaea

Answer 4

Prokaryotic cells
often live in extreme environments
(membranes composed of branched hydrogen chains)

Question 5

Bacteria

Answer 5

• prokaryotic cells
• fatty membranes
• ex: cyanobacteria

Question 6

Eukarya

Answer 6

• eukaryotic cells
• fatty membranes
• divided into Protista (molds, alagae), Fungi (yeasts, molds), Plantae (plants), Animalia (animals)

Question 7

Kingdom

Answer 7

• second highest rank
• Monera (bacteria and archaea), Protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia

Question 8

Monera

Answer 8

Prokaryotic and unicellular (archaea and bacteria)

Question 9

Animalia

Answer 9

Eukaryotic and heterotrophic (worms, reptiles, mammals, birds, etc)

Question 10

Plantae

Answer 10

Eukaryotic and autotrophic (flowers, moss, ferns)

Question 11

Fungi

Answer 11

Unicellular and eukaryotic cells (molds, mushrooms)

Question 12

Protista

Answer 12

Eukaryotic cells (algae)

Question 13

Phylum

Answer 13

• a scientific term grouping together related organisms on the basis of their fundamental characteristics
• below kingdom, above class

Question 14

Class

Answer 14

• Organisms that share common attributes
• below phylum, above order

Question 15

Order

Answer 15

A group of related families,
- below order, above family

Question 16

Genus

Answer 16

The distinction of a certain species
- below family, above species

Question 17

Species

Answer 17

Specific membres of a species with variation
- lowest taxonomic level

Question 18

Prokaryotic cells

Answer 18

Genetic material is non-membrane bound, smaller, older

Question 19

Eukaryotic cells

Answer 19

Genetic material is membrane bound in a nucleus, larger, newer

Question 20

Dichotomous keys

Answer 20

listing of characteristics in such a way that a scientist will be able to identify the name of the organism
- Dichotomous keys always ask 2 questions at any one time. The two questions will distinguish 2 separate categories of the organisms in question, and will continue subdividing into 2 categories until all organisms are classified

Question 21

Fungi

Answer 21

Unicellular and eukaryotic cells (molds,

Question 22

Carolus Linnaeus

Answer 22

Created the biological nomenclature system in latin to name organisms (names are based of genus and species)