Classifying Consonants part 1 Flashcards
Primary use of phonetic knowledge
purpose of analyzing speech sounds and developing a corrective plan to improve speech production and intelligibility
Analysis of speech sounds
can improve artificial speech and voice recognition
ways to analyze/describe speech sounds
physiological basis
place manner voice
distinctive features
phonological analysis
physiological basis
anatomical involvement
identification of where breakdowns occur
remediation techniques directed towards breakdowns
distinctive features
used for motor speech clients
phonological analysis
adds dimension of analyzing the rules for sound combinations to make words
energy source
the lungs
the lungs
housed in the thorax below trachea
air enters lungs with expansion of rib cage and lowering of diaphragm
air leaves lungs with lowering rib cage and diaphragm back to resting position
diaphragm
large dome shaped muscle separating thorax from abdomen
is speech produced on inhalation or exhalation
exhalation
can speech be produced on inhalation?
yes but with greater difficulty
voice source
the larynx
the larynx
sits on top of trachea
vocal folds
raise up and down to change pitch and during swallowing
paralyzed vf In closed position
can’t breathe
partial paralysis of vf
most common
cough
vf close and suddenly open
filters
resonators and articulators
resonating chambers
gives us our own personal sounds
throat/pharynx
mouth/oral cavity
nose/nasal cavity
articulators
tongue
lips
teeth
palate
alveolar ridge
central processing
plan speech sends impulses
the brain
hearing mechanism
the brain
controls entire process
impulses are sent to muscles of respiration, voicing, resonating and articulation, alveolar ridge
hearing mechanism
provides feedback through air and bone conduction
allows monitoring of speech so corrections and alterations can be made
vowels
sonorants
described by tongue position
all vowels are voiced
semi vowels
sonorants: unobstructed but narrowed vocal tract
consonants
obstruents
sonorants
obstruents
partial or full obstruction of vocal tract
(most consonants)
sonorants
unobstructed but narrowed vocal tract
vowels
glides (j, w)
liquids (l, r)
vocal folds
abducted or adducted
voiced vs voiceless
cognate pairs
cognate pairs
pairs of sounds differentiated primarily by presence of absence of voicing (s/z, t/d, k/g, p/b)
place of articulation
classified by where full or partial obstruction occurs in the vocal tract
labials
lips
dental
teeth
interdental
between teeth
linguadental
tongue and teeth
alveolar
alveolar ridge
palatals
tongue in contact with hard palate
velars
tongue in contact with soft palate
glottal
narrowing of glottis
h and glottal stop
