CLASSIFICATION SCHEMES FOR FATTY ACID RESIDUES PRESENT IN TRIACYLGLYCEROL

Question 1

Fatty Acids

Answer 1

•Most contain an even number of carbon atoms.

•Carbon chain length is up to 24 carbon atoms

Question 2

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON DEGREE OF UNSATURATION

Answer 2

• Saturated
•Monounsaturated
•Polyunsaturated

Question 3

Saturated

Answer 3

•No double bonds are present in the carbon chain.

•Dietary effect is an increase in the heart disease risk.

Question 4

Monounsaturated

Answer 4

•one double bond is present in the carbon chain.

•dietary effect is a decrease in heart disease risk.

Question 5

Polyunsaturated

Answer 5

•two or more double bonds are present in the carbon chain.

•dietary effect is “mixed”; there have been several conflicting studies relative to heart disease risk.

Question 6

CLASSIFICATIONS BASED ON CONFIGURATION OF DOUBLE BOND
[monounsaturated & polyunsaturated ]

Answer 6

• cis
• trans

Question 7

cis

Answer 7

•naturally occurring fatty acids generally contain cis double bonds

Question 8

trans

Answer 8

•Hydrogenation converts some cis double bonds to trans double bonds

•trans fatty acids have effects on blood chemistry similar to those of saturated fatty acids.

Question 9

CLASSIFICATION BASED ON LOCATION OF DOUBLE BOND

Answer 9

•OMEGA-3
•OMEGA-6

Question 10

OMEGA-3

Answer 10

•first double bond is three carbons away from the CH3 end of the carbon chain.

•Linolenic acid (18:3) is the primary member of this family

Question 11

OMEGA-6

Answer 11

•first double bond is six carbons away from the CH3 end of the carbon chain.

•Linoleic acid (18:2) is the primary member of this family.