"classification Of Schizophrenia. Positive And Negative Symptoms Of Schizophrenia" Flashcards
What does schizophrenia appear to be a collection of?
Unrelated symptoms
What are the 2 major classification systems of mental disorders
DSM (US) AND ICD (UK)
How many negative symptoms must an individual have in order to be diagnosed with schizophrenia according to the ICD
2 or more
What does the ICD recognise in regards to schizophrenia
That there are subtypes e.g paranoid schizophrenia
According to the ICD, for how long must an individual show 2 or more negative symptoms of Schizophrenia to be diagnosed
One month or Longer
What types of symptoms are required for diagnosis of schizophrenia according to the ICD
Negative symptoms
A negative Symptom is described as a Loss of what
Usual abilities and experiences
What are the 2 Negative symptoms linked with schizophrenia
Avolition and Speech Poverty
Avolition involves a severe loss of what
Motivation to complete everyday tasks
Who identified the 3 signs of Avolition
Andreason (1982)
What were Andreason’s 3 signs of Avolition?
Poor hygiene/grooming, lack of persistence and lack of energy
Speech poverty involved a reduction in what
Amount and quality of speech
What may speech poverty be accompanied by
A Delay in response time in conversation
What may speech poverty also involve as well as a reduction in amount and quality of speech
A lack of Fluency
According to the DSM(US) how many positive symptoms must an individual show to be diagnosed with schizophrenia
1
What does the DSM NOT recognise
That there may be sub types of schizophrenia
For how long must an individual exhibit 1 positive symptom to be diagnosed with schizophrenia
A month or longer (same as the ICD)
What types of symptoms does the DSM use to classify schizophrenia
Positive symptoms ( ICD uses negative)
A positive symptom involved an additional what
Experience that is beyond ordinary
What are the 2 types of Positive symptoms linked with schizophrenia
Hallucinations and Delusions
What kind of experience is a hallucination?
An unusual sensory experience
The experience of hallucinations have no what?
Basis in Reality
What kinds of hallucinations may an individual with schizophrenia experience
Auditory or visual hallucinations (i.e hearing/seeing things not present)
What is a delusion?
An irrational belief without basis in reality
What may delusions cause people with schizophrenia to behave like?
Bizarrely
What are two types of delusions experienced by people with schizophrenia
Delusions of persecution and Control
What may A delusion of persecution involve
A false belief that you’re being harassed
What may a delusion of control involve
The false belief you are being externally controlled e.g. by Aliens
