"biological explanations for SZ: Neural correlates and the dopamine hypothesis"

Question 1

The Neural correlates explanation states that what things may be linked with the development of SZ

Answer 1

Abnormalities in the Brain

Question 2

brain scan techniques such as what are used to study the idea of Neural correlates

Answer 2

FMRI scans

Question 3

when using FMRI scans to study brain activity, who’s brains are compared

Answer 3

Neuro-typical brains and SZ sufferers brains

Question 4

when using FMRI scans, why do we compared the brains of a SZic with a Neurotypical

Answer 4

to identify regions linked to SZ

Question 5

which part of the brain has been shown to be enlarged in sufferers of SZ

Answer 5

Ventricles

Question 6

who conducted a meta-analysis that supported the idea that SZ sufferers had enlarged ventricles when compared to a control group

Answer 6

Raz and Raz

Question 7

in Raz and Raz’s study, what % of the schizophrenics had increased ventricle size in comparison to the control group

Answer 7

over 50%

Question 8

in SZ, enlarged ventricles are associated with damage to which area of the brain

Answer 8

Pre-Frontal Cortex

Question 9

brain damage to the Pre-Frontal cortex has been associated with which types of symptoms in SZ

Answer 9

Negative Symptoms

Question 10

what is a negative symptom of SZ that is associated with damage to the Pre-Frontal Cortex

Answer 10

Avolition (poor Motivation)

Question 11

who conducted research to support the role of Neural correlates to explain SZ

Answer 11

Suddath Et Al

Question 12

what technique did Suddath et al use to investigate brain structure

Answer 12

MRI scans

Question 13

in Suddath et al’s research, who was the sample

Answer 13

A pair of Monozygotic twins

Question 14

in Suddath et Al’s research,what did one of the twins suffer with

Answer 14

Schizophrenia

Question 15

what was the finding of Suddath et Al’s research into neural correlates

Answer 15

the SZ twin had larger ventricles compared to the non-SZ twin

Question 16

Suddath et Al’s research suggests that which brain abnormality DOES play a role in developing SZ

Answer 16

Enlarged Ventricles

Question 17

Suddath et Al’s research also increases which aspect of the neural correlate argument

Answer 17

the Validity

Question 18

the Dopamine Hypothesis states that WHAT in the brain appear to work differently in people with SZ

Answer 18

Neurotransmitters

Question 19

which neurotransmitter in particular is said to be highly involved in SZ

Answer 19

Dopamine (DA)

Question 20

Individuals with SZ may suffer from which 2 conditions in relation to DA?

Answer 20

Hyperdopaminergia and Hypodopaminergia

Question 21

People suffering with SZ may also have too many WHAT

Answer 21

D2 Receptors

Question 22

in SZ, where are D2 receptors located

Answer 22

Post-Synaptic Neuron

Question 23

In which location of the brain is Hyperdopaminergia seen in SZ

Answer 23

the Sub Cortex

Question 24

Hyperdopaminergia refers to when an individual has what level of dopamine activity

Answer 24

High Level of Dopamine activity

Question 25

in which specific region of brain do sufferers of SZ have high dopamine activity

Answer 25

Broca’s area

Question 26

what is Broca’s area said to be responsible for

Answer 26

Speech Production

Question 27

High dopamine activity in Broca’s area has thus been associated with which specific positive symptom of SZ

Answer 27

Auditory Hallucinations