Classification and biodiverisity Flashcards
two groups we classify plants into
(examples)
- Non flowering
-mosses
-fern - Flowering
-cactus
-roses
what are the two names given to each animal?
- Common name
- Scientific identification
why do organisms/animals have a scientific identification?
- To avoid confusion and duplication caused by common names
what is the binomial system?
- Made up of latin words
- 2 parts
1. Genus
2. Species
why is the binomial system useful for scientists?
- Helps them accurately identify individual species
how do scientist classify organisms?
- Through morphological features and DNA analysis
what does it mean when scientist classify organisms into morphological features?
- Look at the structure of the body
what is DNA analysis?
- an instruction book to the cells
What are the 5 kingdoms of life?
- Animals
- Plants
- Bacteria
- Fungi
- Protists
which 3 of the of the 5 kingdoms is multicellular?
- Animals
- Fungi
- Plants
what are the Morphological features of the kingdom of animals?
- Multicellular organisms
- Need to eat to get their nutrients
what are the Morphological features of the kingdom of plants?
- Multicellular organisms
- use light energy from the
sun - Produce their own food
- Through photosynthesis
what are the Morphological features of the kingdom of Fungi?
- Multicellular organisms
- digest food outside the
body - then absorb the nutrients
what are the Morphological features of the kingdom of bacteria?
- unicellular organisms
- cells have no nucleus
- DNA is free in the cytoplasm
what are the Morphological features of the kingdom of protists?
- organisms contains one nucleus in the cell
- made up of one cell
what is Taxa?
- helps classify organisms
what are the different groups within taxa?
- Kingdom
- Phylum
- Class
- Order
- Family
- Genus
- Species
What does the group Phylum indicate?
- If an animal is a vertebrate or invertebrate
What does the group Class indicate?
- If an organism is a mammal or not
- a mammal is an organism with similar ways of breeding
Why might animals adapt their behaviour?
- to help them survive in their respective environment
1. hunting at night
2. hunting in packs
3. burrow
4. migration
5. Hibernation
Some adaptions of a may fly nymph?
- wings to fly
- Gills to obtain oxygen from water
- Large eyes to see food
- eggs lay dormant until environmental conditions are favourable
Adaptations of a Rat tailed maggot
- Tails help them dive deep to get food
- Love Polluted Water
Adaptations of a Camel
- Humps store fat and convert it into water
- Wide feet to stop sinking in sand
- long legs to stop sweating and dehydration
- Leathery lips to help chew cactus
- long eyelashes to protect their eyes from the sand
- live in hot and dry environment
Adaptation for cactus
- Spines to protect from predators
- Store water in spines they expand to hold more
- They perform photosynthesis in stem
- Long roots to absorb water
- No leaves
what do all living things compete for?
- Food and water
- light
- minerals
- basic needs of energy and environmental resources
what can competition effect?
-population size
- pollution
- preditation
what do all living things compete for?
- food and water
- light
- basic needs
- environmental resources
- minerals
difference between interspecific competition and intraspecific competition?
interspecific = competition between species
intraspecific = competition between members of the same species
what do plants and animals compete for to survive
Plants
- Light
- Pollenators
- Minerals
Animals
- Shelter and food
Both
- Space
- Water
_ Mates
definition of biodiversity
- The variety of different species and numbers of individuals of those species in an area.
importance of biodiversity
provides
- industrial materials
- food/potential food
- new medicines
-also important for human well being.
name 4 products an their plant of origin
asprin = willow or boswelia
chirps chirps = cricket flower
avani biodegradble carrier bags= casava
sugar = sugar cane
how to analyze the total number of organism?
total number of organism = total number in a sample x the total area divided by total sample area
stages of using a quadrat
- throw at random to avoid bias
- count organisms in the quadrat
- calculate mean number of organisms
- complete previous equation
how can we improve accuracy while using quadrats
use larger sample size
use of transects
- used to investigate the change in distribution of organisms from one habitat to another
steps to the capture - recapture
- animals are trapped
- mark in a harmless way
- release them
- traps are reused days later
- count the marked and unmarked animals
- complete previous equations
what are the assumptions made using the capture recapture method
- that the marking does’nt effect the chances of survival
- none of the population dies
- no imigration or emigration
what is the equation too calculate population size
number in first sample x number in second sample
over
number in second sample previously marked
what is an alien species
- a species that were introduced into areas they dont naturally occur
what are some problems that can arrive due to alien species
- native species may not be able to compete
- some can become invasive
- grow faster than the native species which could upset the natural ecosystem
