Classification Flashcards
what are the 5 kingdoms? and give an example of each one
plants (roses), animals (lion), fungi (mushroom), protoctista (algea) and prokaryotes (bacteria)
what are the characteristics of a plant?
use light energy to make food and cells have a cell wall made from cellulose
what are the characteristics of an animal?
feed on other organisms; multicellular, which means their bodies are made up of lots of different cells; no cell walla
what are the characteristics of a fungi?
make spores instead of seeds when they reproduce; cells have a cell wall made from chitin
what are the characteristics of a proroctista?
most made up from one cell
what are the characteristics of a prokaryotes?
hove no nucleus; have a cell wall but not made from cellulose
what kingdom do arthrepods come from?
animal
name characteristics of arthrepods?
they are invertebrates that have joined legs, a segmental body and a hard exoskeleton made of chitin
name characteristics of insects and give examples
have 3 body sections and six legs e.g. beetle
name characteristics of arachnids and give examples
have 2 body sectors and eight legs e.g.scorpian
name characteristics of crustaceans and give examples
have 2 sectors and at least 10 legs e.g. crab
name characteristics of myriapods and give examples
have 2 sectors and lots of legs in their body e.g. millepede
what are the 7 categories that all organisms are classified into
kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species
why is it hard to categorise animals?
because different animals are showing continuous evolution. Also new organisms with unusual characteristics are always being discovered
what 2 types of classifications can be shown?
evolutionary and ecological
organisms can be classified in 2 ways, what are they?
artificially or naturally
what is artificial classification based on? give an example
one or two simple characteristics to make identification easier. For example puffins, penguins are called sea birds
what is natural classification based on? give an example
evolution. According to this, organisms are placed into smaller and smaller groups depending on recent common ancestors. For example puffins and herring gulls are both birds, but puffins belong to the family alcidae and herring gulls to the family laridae
how has DNA sequencing helped scientists?
it has enabled scientists to become more certain of how closely related organisms are.
How do you prove that animals are related form their DNA?
DNA evidence involves identifying genes for similar characteristics. If these gene sequences are similar in both organisms then the species are related
why do we have different variations of dogs?
because humans have bred lots of different types of dogs
what does fertile off spring mean?
they can grow up and have young of there own
what does sterile off spring mean?
this means that it cannot reproduce
what is the family that cats are from?
felidae
