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Biology 2 > Classification > Flashcards

Classification Flashcards

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1
Q

what are the 5 kingdoms? and give an example of each one

A

plants (roses), animals (lion), fungi (mushroom), protoctista (algea) and prokaryotes (bacteria)

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2
Q

what are the characteristics of a plant?

A

use light energy to make food and cells have a cell wall made from cellulose

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3
Q

what are the characteristics of an animal?

A

feed on other organisms; multicellular, which means their bodies are made up of lots of different cells; no cell walla

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4
Q

what are the characteristics of a fungi?

A

make spores instead of seeds when they reproduce; cells have a cell wall made from chitin

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5
Q

what are the characteristics of a proroctista?

A

most made up from one cell

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6
Q

what are the characteristics of a prokaryotes?

A

hove no nucleus; have a cell wall but not made from cellulose

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7
Q

what kingdom do arthrepods come from?

A

animal

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8
Q

name characteristics of arthrepods?

A

they are invertebrates that have joined legs, a segmental body and a hard exoskeleton made of chitin

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9
Q

name characteristics of insects and give examples

A

have 3 body sections and six legs e.g. beetle

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10
Q

name characteristics of arachnids and give examples

A

have 2 body sectors and eight legs e.g.scorpian

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11
Q

name characteristics of crustaceans and give examples

A

have 2 sectors and at least 10 legs e.g. crab

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12
Q

name characteristics of myriapods and give examples

A

have 2 sectors and lots of legs in their body e.g. millepede

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13
Q

what are the 7 categories that all organisms are classified into

A

kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species

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14
Q

why is it hard to categorise animals?

A

because different animals are showing continuous evolution. Also new organisms with unusual characteristics are always being discovered

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15
Q

what 2 types of classifications can be shown?

A

evolutionary and ecological

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16
Q

organisms can be classified in 2 ways, what are they?

A

artificially or naturally

17
Q

what is artificial classification based on? give an example

A

one or two simple characteristics to make identification easier. For example puffins, penguins are called sea birds

18
Q

what is natural classification based on? give an example

A

evolution. According to this, organisms are placed into smaller and smaller groups depending on recent common ancestors. For example puffins and herring gulls are both birds, but puffins belong to the family alcidae and herring gulls to the family laridae

19
Q

how has DNA sequencing helped scientists?

A

it has enabled scientists to become more certain of how closely related organisms are.

20
Q

How do you prove that animals are related form their DNA?

A

DNA evidence involves identifying genes for similar characteristics. If these gene sequences are similar in both organisms then the species are related

21
Q

why do we have different variations of dogs?

A

because humans have bred lots of different types of dogs

22
Q

what does fertile off spring mean?

A

they can grow up and have young of there own

23
Q

what does sterile off spring mean?

A

this means that it cannot reproduce

24
Q

what is the family that cats are from?

A

felidae

25
Q

what is the scientific name for a tiger and a lion?

A

tiger-panthera tigris

lion- panthera leo

26
Q

how are binomial names created?

A

by combining the animals name of genus and species

27
Q

what is an example of an adaptation that a tiger or lion has?

A

their fur coats for blending

28
Q

why are whales and dolphins classed as animals?

A

because they give birth and produce milk to feed them

29
Q

how are hybrids made?

A

from 2 animals of different species breeding

30
Q

what is bread to produce a mule?

A

a donkey and horse

Biology 2 (10 decks)

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