Adaptations Flashcards
what are organisms better adapted better at doing?
competing for food and resources
how do animals keep warm in cold conditions?
reducing heat loss. Some have anatomical adaptations
why do having small ears reduce heat loss?
decreased surface area to volume ratio
give an example of an animal that has excellent insulation and explain why?
an arctic fox has thick fur that traps air. The seal has a thick layer of fat but thin fur
how do some animals stay away from the cold?
migrate or hibernate
how do penguins reduce heat loss?
the warm blood entering the flippers warms up the cold blood, to stop it cooling in the body
what is this called?
counter current heat exchange mechanism
how do other animals cope in cold conditions?
biochemical adaptations, such as antifreeze proteins in their cells
how do camals increase heat loss?
little hair on the underside of their body
what do animals that live in hot conditions adapt to have?
larger surface area to volume ratio, so more heat is lost
what are the 4 factors that decrease temperature?
behavioural, anatomical and physiological adaptations
give an example of this?
camals can survive with little water because they have concentrated urine
give another example of this?cacti
they reduce water loss because they have been reduced to spines. Also they have deep roots that can store water in the stem
what are organisms that can survive in hot conditions called?
extremophiles
why can bacteria live in hot conditions?
they have enzymes that do not denature at 100 degrees
