class three: abnormal gait

Question 1

1 gait cycle is equal to what

Answer 1

1 stride length - 2 steps

Question 2

gait deviations - tightness

Answer 2

early movement then expecteed

Question 3

gait deviation - weakness

Answer 3

later movements then expected

Question 4

early toe off in midstance what could be the issue

Answer 4

PF tightness (calf tight)

Question 5

early toe off in midstance what could be the issue

Answer 5

hip flexion contracture

Question 6

is knee valgus caused by weak abd or weak vastus medialis

Answer 6

weak hip abd

Question 7

what is the role of the glute max in gait

Answer 7

used in initial stance phase

eccentric contraction - deccforward momentum

Question 8

what is the role of the erector spinae in gait

Answer 8

heel strike through toe off

maintain trunk posture

Question 9

what can cause a backward lean in stance phase of gait

Answer 9

weak hip extensor (lean over the weak muscle)

rigid hip flexion contracture - accommodation of this, this causes an anteior pelvic tilt and subsequent lordosis

Question 10

swing phase - backward lean

Answer 10

weak hip flexors

Question 11

stance phase - lateral trunk lean

Answer 11

weak hip abd

Question 12

stance phase - forward trunk lean

Answer 12

weak hip flexors

Question 13

stance phase - backward trunk lean

Answer 13

weak hip extensors

Question 14

what is the function of the peronals during stance phase

Answer 14

maintain medial and lateral movement of the foot

Question 15

foot instrics role during stance phase

Answer 15

concentric contraction support the plantar fascia

Question 16

during giat what are the two main causes of knee hyperextension

Answer 16

Quad weakness
and
Excessive ankle PF

Question 17

what is coxa vara

Answer 17

the angle of the femur - smaller <125

knock knees

Question 18

forefoot valgus

Answer 18

collasped middle arch

towards the big toes

Question 19

forefoot varus

Answer 19

collasped lateral arch

toward the little toe

Question 20

what is genu valgum

Answer 20

knocked knees

knees touching each other

Question 21

supination

Answer 21

IPAD

invers

PF

ADD

Question 22

when does premature heel off occur

Answer 22

in stance

due to:
- terminal stance: hip flexion contracture

• midstance: tight PF

Question 23

when does delayed heel contact occur

Answer 23

in stance

due to:
- weakness of DF

Question 24

what is toe drag 2/2

Answer 24

weak DF

PF contracture

Question 25

what is foot slap 2/2

Answer 25

weak DF - not controlling eccentrically

Question 26

what happens when someone has excessive PF in gait

Answer 26

shortened stride length and reduced velocity

the higher the heels the slower you walk

Question 27

what are the subs we can make for when we have excessive PF

Answer 27

premature heel off

knee hyper ext

forward trunk lean