class three: abnormal gait

Question 1

1 gait cycle is equal to what

Answer 1

1 stride length - 2 steps

Question 2

gait deviations - tightness

Answer 2

early movement then expecteed

Question 3

gait deviation - weakness

Answer 3

later movements then expected

Question 4

early toe off in midstance what could be the issue

Answer 4

PF tightness (calf tight)

Question 5

early toe off in midstance what could be the issue

Answer 5

hip flexion contracture

Question 6

is knee valgus caused by weak abd or weak vastus medialis

Answer 6

weak hip abd

Question 7

what is the role of the glute max in gait

Answer 7

used in initial stance phase

eccentric contraction - deccforward momentum

Question 8

what is the role of the erector spinae in gait

Answer 8

heel strike through toe off

maintain trunk posture

Question 9

what can cause a backward lean in stance phase of gait

Answer 9

weak hip extensor (lean over the weak muscle)

rigid hip flexion contracture - accommodation of this, this causes an anteior pelvic tilt and subsequent lordosis

Question 10

swing phase - backward lean

Answer 10

weak hip flexors

Question 11

stance phase - lateral trunk lean

Answer 11

weak hip abd

Question 12

stance phase - forward trunk lean

Answer 12

weak hip flexors

Question 13

stance phase - backward trunk lean

Answer 13

weak hip extensors

Question 14

what is the function of the peronals during stance phase

Answer 14

maintain medial and lateral movement of the foot

Question 15

foot instrics role during stance phase

Answer 15

concentric contraction support the plantar fascia

Question 16

during giat what are the two main causes of knee hyperextension

Answer 16

Quad weakness
and
Excessive ankle PF

Question 17

what is coxa vara

Answer 17

the angle of the femur - smaller <125

knock knees

Question 18

forefoot valgus

Answer 18

collasped middle arch

towards the big toes

Question 19

forefoot varus

Answer 19

collasped lateral arch

toward the little toe

Question 20

what is genu valgum

Answer 20

knocked knees

knees touching each other

Question 21

supination

Answer 21

IPAD

invers

PF

ADD

Question 22

when does premature heel off occur

Answer 22

in stance

due to:
- terminal stance: hip flexion contracture

• midstance: tight PF

Question 23

when does delayed heel contact occur

Answer 23

in stance

due to:
- weakness of DF

Question 24

what is toe drag 2/2

Answer 24

weak DF

PF contracture

Question 25

what is foot slap 2/2

Answer 25

weak DF - not controlling eccentrically

Question 26

what happens when someone has excessive PF in gait

Answer 26

shortened stride length and reduced velocity the higher the heels the slower you walk

Question 27

what are the subs we can make for when we have excessive PF

Answer 27

premature heel off knee hyper ext forward trunk lean

Question 28

genu valgum is associated with what foot posture

Answer 28

pes planus subtalr pronation

Question 29

do we see hip add or abd with genu valgum

Answer 29

hip add

Question 30

what are the three subs for excessive PF during gait

Answer 30

premature heel off knee hyperext forward trunk lean

Question 31

what phase of gait does premature heel off occur

Answer 31

midstance because you foot cannot go into enough DF

Question 32

what is delayed heel contact 2/2

Answer 32

PF contracture DF weak

Question 33

what is toe drag 2/2

Answer 33

DF weak PF contracture

Question 34

what will happen at the knee with excessive DF

Answer 34

hyper flexion

Question 35

Ipsilateral pelvic drop can occur due to what two factors

Answer 35

contralateral hip abductor weakness, ipsilateral hip abductor contracture.

Question 36

Dorsiflexors - act during what phases of stance

Answer 36

during the initial stance phase action of dorsiflexors terminates at the end of loading response and the plantarflexors begin their action.

Question 37

GRF line is anterior to the knee what does it produce

Answer 37

external knee extensor moment

Question 38

GRF line is posterior to the knee what does it produce

Answer 38

produces an external knee flexor moment.

Question 39

Which muscles are most important when looking to increase running velocity?

Answer 39

Hip extensors extend the hips is the most important factor in determining sprinting speed

Question 40

Foot angle, the amount of “toe-out,” - what is normal

Answer 40

5 to 7 degrees is considered average.

Question 41

ntrinsic muscles of the foot are typically active - during what part of gait

Answer 41

mid stance to toe off

Question 42

foot picture - fore foot valgus

Answer 42

toe segment. on the ground - knee into valgus calcaneus inverted

Question 43

foot picture - forefoot varus

Answer 43

toe segment - off the ground f