Class 9 Types of insulin Flashcards
Describe nursing responsibilities related to oral hypoglycemic meds
Assess blood glucose Ensure understanding of meds Ensure pt understands meds Assess cardiac and liver function Taken within 30 min before meals Don't give to NPO patients Stay up to date with diabetes
How does blood glucose testing relate to med admin
- Assess for risks of hypo/hyperglycaemia
- Helps with reasons for med admin
- helps determine therapeutic response to the meds
Five types of insulin
Intermediate acting Rapid acting Short acting Premixed Long acting
Describe intermediate acting insulin
Cloudy suspension Onset 2-4 hours Peak 4-10 hrs Duration 10-16 hrs Examples: - humulin N - novolin NPH
Nursing implications for intermediate acting insulin
Clear before cloudy Don't use during ketoacidosis Do not shake--> rub only - it can change the properties Take 15 minutes before meals
Describe rapid acting insulin
Onset 10-15 minutes Peak 60-90 minutes Duration 3-5 hours Clear appearance Examples - novorapid - apidra - humalog
Nursing implications for all insulins
Assess if fasting or not Assss blood work Be aware of stress or infection - can affect insulin dose Assess blood glucose before admin
Nursing implications for fast acting
Give 15 mins before meals Can be given by insulin pump Monitor body weight Store vials in fridge Assess hypo/hyperglycemia
Describe short acting insulin
High alert Onset: 10-60 mins Peak: 15-30 (IV) 2-4 hrs (subcu) Duration: 30-60 (IV) 5-7 hrs (subcu) Example - humulin R - novalin R
Action of short acting insulin
Decrease blood glucose by simulating glucose uptake in skeletal muscles and fat
Inhibits glucose production from pancreas
Nursing implications for short acting insulin
Monitor body weight
Always carry course of sugar
Fasting or not
Monitor hypo/hyperglycemia
Describe premixed insulin
Combo of intermediate and fast acting -70% fast acting 30% intermediate Onset 30 mins Peak 2.5- hours Duration 4-12 hours Route subcu only Clear appearance Example - novalin
Nursing implications for premixed insulin
Rotate injection sites
Store at room temperature
Never mix premixed and pure insulin
Eat with food
Describe long acting insulin.
Clear appearance Onset 90 mins Peak none Duration 16-24 hours - provides constant lvl of insulin Examples - detemir - glargine
Implications of long acting insulin
Monitor blood glucose every 6hrs
Do not mix with other insulins
