Class 7 - Sensation, Perception, Cognition, and Language Flashcards
lowest level of a stimulus we can detect 50% of the time
absolute threshfold
what is difference threshold / junst noticeable difference
thrshold = minimum difference bn 2 stimuli we can detect 50% of the time
JND = minimum noticeable difference bn any 2 sensory stimuli that we can detect 50% of the time
weber’s law
two stimuli must differ by a constant PROPORTION, which varies by the type of stimuli, but remains constant w/i a given stimuli
a method for quantifying a person’s ability to detect a given stimulus amidst other non-important stimuli (noise)
signal detection theory
accuracy depends on
2 types of noise (external= outside body and internal = inside body like hunger)
stimulus present, response absent =
stimulus absent, response absent =
stimulus present, response present =
stimulus absent, response present =
miss, type 2 error, false negative
correct rejection
hit
false alarm, type 1 error, false positive
what is a receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC)
a graphical plot that demonstrates the HIT rate vs false alarm rate to demonstrate someones accuracy
when looking at a ROC what does the area under the curve reflect?
incr area under the curve means
AUC = accuracy
incr AUC = incr Accuracy
starting with the details an ending with final representation in our mind is an ex. of what type of processing
bottom-up
starting with the larger concept or idea and working to the details is an ex of what processing
top-down
which type of processing would you use for more familiar information?
for new stimuli/ info?
familar = top-down
new = bottom-up
top-down and bottom-up processing is an example of what psychology
GESTALT
gestalt psychology emphasizes
our tendency to organize information into a meaninful whole
name that key gestalt principle:
our ability to perceive any object as distinct from it’s surroundings
Figure & Ground
name that key gestalt principle:
we tend to see smooth continuous patterns rather than discontinous ones
Law of continuity
name that key gestalt principle:
we tend to fill in gaps to create a complete whole object
law of closure
describe that key gestalt principle:
law of similarity
we tend to group similar things together
ex. by size or color
describe that key gestalt principle:
Law of proximity
we tend to group nearby things together
describe that key gestalt principle:
law of connectedness
we tend to perceive things that are connected, uniformed and linked
what model explains how our three short-term sensory stores interact with the central executive, which controls the flow of info from/to sensory stores
Baddeley’s model of working memory
what are the 3 functions of the central executive
coordination of the slave systems
shifting bn tasks or retrieval strategies
selective attn and inhibition
what atre the 3 aspects of working memory
phonological loop
visuospatial sketchpad
episodic buffer
mentally manipulating objects in our minds
“inner eye”
visuospatial sketchpad
communicates with Long term memory and working memory
& can pull info from LTM into working to be manipulated
“backup store”
episodic buffer
