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119 - Pharmacology > Class 5 - Drug Classifications > Flashcards

Class 5 - Drug Classifications Flashcards

1
Q

**therapeutic classification

A

what is being treated by the drugs

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2
Q

** pharmacological classification

A

how the drugs works in the body

-many drugs fit in multiple groups

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3
Q

medications in the same therapeutic class often share similar:

A
  • mechanism of action
  • assessment guidelines
  • precautions
  • interactions
  • patients teaching requirements
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4
Q

prototype drugs

A
  • individual drugs that represent groups of drugs
  • used to compare other drugs in the same pharmacological class
  • well researched and understood
  • have known action and adverse effects
  • give foundation of side effects - might not be widely prescribed, newer drugs will replace prototypes.
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5
Q

chemical name

A

predict physical and chemical properties

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6
Q

generic name

A

assigned by manufacturer that first develop the drug

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7
Q

trade name

A

designed by company to market drug

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8
Q

dosage and routine

A

-drugs each have a specific therapeutic level which makes dosage important, based on drug side effects routines need to be in place so that a drug which causes frequent urination could not be given at hs

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9
Q

contraindication

A

is a situation which makes a particular treatment or procedure inadvisable

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10
Q

precautions

A

are used to put both likely and rare adverse reactions to prepare, treat and manage effects - precautions should include how to minimize a reaction with care information

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11
Q

interactions

A

to decrease toxicity and bad effects when two drugs are taken at the same time

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12
Q

what do you need to know before administering digoxin

A

take the pulse of the patient and it needs to be over 60

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13
Q

categories of drug action

A

stimulation, depression, irritation, demulcent, replacement, inhibition or killing of organisms

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14
Q

stimulation

A

the rate of cell activity or the secretion from a gland increases
(caffeine)

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15
Q

depression

A

cell activity and function of a specific organ are reduced

alcohol

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16
Q

irritation

A

non selective and often noxious effect. irritate the inner wall of the colon. (suppository)

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17
Q

demulcent

A

oily or mucilaginous agent used to smooth or soften an irritated surface especially mucous membranes(cough syrup)

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18
Q

replacement

A

replace essential body compounds (insulin)

19
Q

inhibition or killing of organisms

A

interfere with bacterial cell growth (antibiotics)

20
Q

anti-anxiety

A

thought to affect the limbic system and reticular formation to relieve anxiety. they have the potential to cause psychological and physical dependence

21
Q

anesthetic

A

the are 2 basic groups in this classification; one group acts on the CNS to produce amnesia and unconsciousness while the other decreases nerve transmission in the area of injection or application

22
Q

anti-depressants

A

medications which interfere with the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or epinephrine in order to prevent or relieve depression

23
Q

stimulant laxative

A

substances that chemically stimulates the smooth muscles of the bowel to increase contractions and relieve constipation

24
Q

anti-diabetic

A

this classification of medications includes both insulin and hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus

25
Q

bulk-forming laxatives

A

this classification of laxatives works through the ingestion of non-digestible substances that pass through the stomach and cause an increase in the bulk of the stool

26
Q

anti-hypertensives

A

this classification includes several subgroups of medications that act in a variety of ways to lower blood pressure

27
Q

antineoplastic

A

used for cancer treatment, these drugs slow the disease process. They are cytotoxic, interfering with normal as well as cancer cells because they multiply more rapidly. healthy cells most affected by these drugs include bone marrow, GI mucosa, and hair follicles

28
Q

emetics

A

used to induce vomiting

29
Q

non-steroidal anti-inflammatories

A

used for their anti-inflmmatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. they are irritating to the GI tract and should always be given with milk or food

30
Q

antacids

A

act by neutralizing or reducing gastric acidity thereby increasing the pH of the stomach and relieving hyperacidity

31
Q

anti-anemic

A

this classification of drugs is used to increase the oxygen caring capacity of RBC’s

32
Q

vaccines

A

given to stimulate antibody production, this classification of drugs causes a temporary or permanent resistance to infectious disease

33
Q

anticoagulant

A

this classification of drugs slows or prevents blood coagulation. because of the high risk of hemmorhage, dosage is dependent upon specific lab tests

34
Q

analgesics

A

used to relieve pain, it includes drugs that act on the central nervous system (narcotics) and drugs that act at the site of pain (non-narcotics)

35
Q

hypnotics

A

classification of drugs that is capable of producing sleep

36
Q

bronchodilators

A

relax contractions of the smooth muscle of the bronchioles to improve ventilation to the lungs

37
Q

antibiotics

A

a broad term used to describe medications that have the ability to destroy or interfere with the development of a living organism, they are used in the treatment of infections

38
Q

anticonvulsants

A

used for the control of chronic seizures and involuntary muscle spasm. they do not cure but do control seizures without impairing normal CNS function

39
Q

antihistamines

A

this classification of drugs is used for the treatment of allergic conditions and is known as histamine receptor blockers. they act by competing with histamine for histamine receptor sites, thereby preventing or reducing capillary permeability (decreasing itching and edema) and bronchospasm

40
Q

digoxin

A 
trade name: Lanoxin 
high alert drug 
an antiarrhythmic 
used for people with heart problems
side effects : arrhythmia's 
take apical pulse before administering do not administer if it is less than 60, then contact a physician
41
Q

nystatin

A

trade name: nyaderm, nystop
anti-fungal
decreases symptoms of fungal infection
side effects: skin irritation

42
Q

warfarin

A 
high alert medication 
trade name: coumadin 
anticoagulant
management of heart attacks, prevention or treatment of blood clots, lung blockages.
side effects: bleeding
43
Q

hydrocortisone

A

TN: cortate, coticane
class: corticosteroids
management of inflammation
side effects: skin irritation

44
Q

thrombolytic

A

helps with blood clot

119 - Pharmacology (10 decks)

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