Class 5 - Drug Classifications

Question 1

**therapeutic classification

Answer 1

what is being treated by the drugs

Question 2

** pharmacological classification

Answer 2

how the drugs works in the body

-many drugs fit in multiple groups

Question 3

medications in the same therapeutic class often share similar:

Answer 3

• mechanism of action
• assessment guidelines
• precautions
• interactions
• patients teaching requirements

Question 4

prototype drugs

Answer 4

• individual drugs that represent groups of drugs
• used to compare other drugs in the same pharmacological class
• well researched and understood
• have known action and adverse effects
• give foundation of side effects - might not be widely prescribed, newer drugs will replace prototypes.

Question 5

chemical name

Answer 5

predict physical and chemical properties

Question 6

generic name

Answer 6

assigned by manufacturer that first develop the drug

Question 7

trade name

Answer 7

designed by company to market drug

Question 8

dosage and routine

Answer 8

-drugs each have a specific therapeutic level which makes dosage important, based on drug side effects routines need to be in place so that a drug which causes frequent urination could not be given at hs

Question 9

contraindication

Answer 9

is a situation which makes a particular treatment or procedure inadvisable

Question 10

precautions

Answer 10

are used to put both likely and rare adverse reactions to prepare, treat and manage effects - precautions should include how to minimize a reaction with care information

Question 11

interactions

Answer 11

to decrease toxicity and bad effects when two drugs are taken at the same time

Question 12

what do you need to know before administering digoxin

Answer 12

take the pulse of the patient and it needs to be over 60

Question 13

categories of drug action

Answer 13

stimulation, depression, irritation, demulcent, replacement, inhibition or killing of organisms

Question 14

stimulation

Answer 14

the rate of cell activity or the secretion from a gland increases
(caffeine)

Question 15

depression

Answer 15

cell activity and function of a specific organ are reduced

alcohol

Question 16

irritation

Answer 16

non selective and often noxious effect. irritate the inner wall of the colon. (suppository)

Question 17

demulcent

Answer 17

oily or mucilaginous agent used to smooth or soften an irritated surface especially mucous membranes(cough syrup)

Question 18

replacement

Answer 18

replace essential body compounds (insulin)

Question 19

inhibition or killing of organisms

Answer 19

interfere with bacterial cell growth (antibiotics)

Question 20

anti-anxiety

Answer 20

thought to affect the limbic system and reticular formation to relieve anxiety. they have the potential to cause psychological and physical dependence

Question 21

anesthetic

Answer 21

the are 2 basic groups in this classification; one group acts on the CNS to produce amnesia and unconsciousness while the other decreases nerve transmission in the area of injection or application

Question 22

anti-depressants

Answer 22

medications which interfere with the reuptake of serotonin, norepinephrine, and/or epinephrine in order to prevent or relieve depression

Question 23

stimulant laxative

Answer 23

substances that chemically stimulates the smooth muscles of the bowel to increase contractions and relieve constipation

Question 24

anti-diabetic

Answer 24

this classification of medications includes both insulin and hypoglycemic agents for the treatment of diabetes mellitus

Question 25

bulk-forming laxatives

Answer 25

this classification of laxatives works through the ingestion of non-digestible substances that pass through the stomach and cause an increase in the bulk of the stool

Question 26

anti-hypertensives

Answer 26

this classification includes several subgroups of medications that act in a variety of ways to lower blood pressure

Question 27

antineoplastic

Answer 27

used for cancer treatment, these drugs slow the disease process. They are cytotoxic, interfering with normal as well as cancer cells because they multiply more rapidly. healthy cells most affected by these drugs include bone marrow, GI mucosa, and hair follicles

Question 28

emetics

Answer 28

used to induce vomiting

Question 29

non-steroidal anti-inflammatories

Answer 29

used for their anti-inflmmatory, analgesic, and antipyretic effects. they are irritating to the GI tract and should always be given with milk or food

Question 30

antacids

Answer 30

act by neutralizing or reducing gastric acidity thereby increasing the pH of the stomach and relieving hyperacidity

Question 31

anti-anemic

Answer 31

this classification of drugs is used to increase the oxygen caring capacity of RBC's

Question 32

vaccines

Answer 32

given to stimulate antibody production, this classification of drugs causes a temporary or permanent resistance to infectious disease

Question 33

anticoagulant

Answer 33

this classification of drugs slows or prevents blood coagulation. because of the high risk of hemmorhage, dosage is dependent upon specific lab tests

Question 34

analgesics

Answer 34

used to relieve pain, it includes drugs that act on the central nervous system (narcotics) and drugs that act at the site of pain (non-narcotics)

Question 35

hypnotics

Answer 35

classification of drugs that is capable of producing sleep

Question 36

bronchodilators

Answer 36

relax contractions of the smooth muscle of the bronchioles to improve ventilation to the lungs

Question 37

antibiotics

Answer 37

a broad term used to describe medications that have the ability to destroy or interfere with the development of a living organism, they are used in the treatment of infections

Question 38

anticonvulsants

Answer 38

used for the control of chronic seizures and involuntary muscle spasm. they do not cure but do control seizures without impairing normal CNS function

Question 39

antihistamines

Answer 39

this classification of drugs is used for the treatment of allergic conditions and is known as histamine receptor blockers. they act by competing with histamine for histamine receptor sites, thereby preventing or reducing capillary permeability (decreasing itching and edema) and bronchospasm

Question 40

digoxin

Answer 40

``` trade name: Lanoxin high alert drug an antiarrhythmic used for people with heart problems side effects : arrhythmia's take apical pulse before administering do not administer if it is less than 60, then contact a physician ```

Question 41

nystatin

Answer 41

trade name: nyaderm, nystop anti-fungal decreases symptoms of fungal infection side effects: skin irritation

Question 42

warfarin

Answer 42

``` high alert medication trade name: coumadin anticoagulant management of heart attacks, prevention or treatment of blood clots, lung blockages. side effects: bleeding ```

Question 43

hydrocortisone

Answer 43

TN: cortate, coticane class: corticosteroids management of inflammation side effects: skin irritation

Question 44

thrombolytic

Answer 44

helps with blood clot