Class 4

Question 1

Define: Process design

Answer 1

Decisions about how production of goods or services is to occur

Question 2

Define: Line Balancing

Answer 2

The process of assigning taks to workstations in such a way as to ensure that the different workstations have approximately equal time requirements

Question 3

What is automation? Name and describe 3 types

Answer 3

Automation - use of machinery with sensing and control devices that enable it to operate automatically

1) Fixed - very rigid, high cost
2) Programmable - high cost, general purpose eqpt controlled by a computer program
3) Flexible - computer-assisted design/manufacture (CAD,CAM), computer-integrated manufacturing (CIM), Flexible manufacturing systems (FMS)

Question 4

Advantages and Disadvantages of Automation

Answer 4

Advantages - ensures low variability in production process
-eliminates dirty, tedious or dangerous jobs
Disadvantages - often costly, inflexible, difficult to integrate with rest of operation
- usually requires high volume to justify
- often replaces labour with high-skilled service jobs to install and maintain automated eqpt

Question 5

Why do we need to do line balancing?

Answer 5

To plan and sequence an overall operational process that will minimize idle time, ensure high labour utilization

Question 6

List 4 main types of manufacturing process with examples

Answer 6

1) Job Shop ex appliance repair, emergency room
2) Batch ex commercial bakery, classroom lecture
3) Repetitive ex automotive assembly, car wash
4) Continuous ex refinery, water purification

Question 7

List 3 basic types of facility layout. Describe.

Answer 7

1) Product - uses standardized processing operations to achieve smooth, rapid, high volume flow ex production or assembly line
2) Process - uses non-standardized processing for items that require a variety of different production processes, have discontinuous workflow, frequent adjustments to machinery, etc ex machine shops, services
3) Cellular - machines grouped in a cell to process part families

Question 8

what is the equation for cycle time?

Answer 8

CT=OT/D ex 480 min per day/ 48 units per day = 10 min per unit = CT of 10min

Question 9

What is the equation for Theoretical # of workstation on a line?

Answer 9

Nmin=∑t/CT ex 50/10=5

Question 10

What is the equation for Idle Time?

Answer 10

Idle Time (%)= Idle Time/ (N X CT)

Question 11

What is the equation for Efficiency?

Answer 11

Efficiency (%)= 1 - Idle Time %

Question 12

Calculation - line balancing

Answer 12

last page of class 4 review