Class 3 Flashcards
memory
ability to store and retrieve information over time
encoding
process of transforming what we perceive, think, or feel into an enduring memory
storage
process of maintaining information in memory over time
retrieval
process of bringing to mind information that has been previously encoded and stored
semantic encoding
process of relating new information in a meaningful way to knowledge that is already stored in memory
visual imagery encoding
process of storing new information by converting it into mental pictures
organizational encoding
process of categorizing information according to the relationships among a series of items
semantic judgments, rhyme judgments, case judgments
semantic- think about meaning of words
rhyme- think about sound of words
case- think about appearance of words
sensory memory
type of storage that holds sensory information for a few seconds or less
iconic memory
fast-decaying store of visual information
echoic memory
fast-decaying store of auditory information
short-term memory
type of storage that holds nonsensory information for more than a few seconds but less than a minute
rehearsal
process of keeping information in short-term memory by mentally repeating it
serial position effect
observation that the first few and last few items in a series are more likely to be recalled than the items in the middle
chunking
combining small pieces of information into larger clusters or chunks that are more easily held in short-term memory
working memory
type of short-term storage that actively maintains information
primacy effect
enhanced recall of the first few items because they receive more rehearsals and are more likely to be in long-term storage
recency effect
enhanced recall of the last few items due to rehearsing of items in short term
visuo-spatial sketchbad
part of working memory associated with visual images
episodic buffer
part of working memory that integrates visual and verbal information from the subsystems into a multidimensional code
combines separated items into integrated whole, gateway to long term memory
central executive
part of working memory that coordinates the subsystems and the episodic buffer
fun chart things:
central executive
1
Visuo-spatial sketchpad–episodic buffer–phonological loop– rehersal
page 224
anterograde amnesia
still remembers language and love for wife but thinks every experience is new (some guyo named CW)
Atkinson-Shiffrin Model of Memory
sensory—>short term memory—->long term memory
attention ^ encoding l
l I
retreival
sensory memory experiment:
the 3 rows of letters for 1/20th of a second
when they were told to recall all the letters, not much success
when it was just one row they were good
that’s fucked
phonological loop (articulatory loop)
our memory depends on the length of the info
arabic speakers only remember 5 (plusminus 2) rather than 7 bc their words and sounds are longer
we can remember faster words
