Class 20 Marker Flashcards
What does the DfE say about GCSES and free school meals
In 2014
These disadvantaged children achieve less, only 41% achieving 5 or more GCSE’s including english and maths
- 27% less than other pupils
What did the Dfes say in 2005 about backgrounds
76% of children from professional backgrounds achieved 5+ A*-C
32% from routine worker backgrounds
What did the longitudinal study of young people in England find?
The attainment gaps at age 11 were already large and were widening in the teen years compared to earlier childhood
- by the time young people were taking gcses the gap between rich and poor is very large
- 21% of the poorest fifth mangaged to gain 5gcses
- 75% of the top fifth did
What happened with a levels?
70% of children from professional backgrounds achieved in a-levels
33% from unskilled backgrounds
Why has the education statistics shown this?
- Social class inequalities in educational attainment are more marked than ever
- schools are less able to use vocational courses as a level of success because it is only equivalent to 4 gcses - more likely to be done by working class // middle class are more likly to take Alevels
- Social class success may differ by ethnicity eg. In 2014 78% of Chinese and 60% white got 5+ A*- C gcses
What does sugarman say about education?
Inequality may be due to the working class subcultural values such as immediate gratification - encourages them to want jobs and money rather than prolong their education for long term success
What does Bourdieu say about education inequality?
Middl class posses cultural capital which enables them to see the advantage of A levels, leading to uni and then a more lucrative career
= try harder at GCSE
What does Glueck and Glueck say about crime?
In the firtt half of the 20th century prisoners were disproportionately poor uneducated.. Unskilled/semi skilled
What walmsley et al find
A disproportionate numbe of prisoners came from the lower levels of the class system, formerly employed in unskilled or semi-skilled work
Why may gender and age be equally more important
23% of offenders were under the age of 18
80% were men
In 2010/2011
What did maguire find?
Te typical offender was male, young, black, poor and poorly educated
What does croall argue?
Corporate crimes damage more people than street crimes
- there is less convictions here
Example:
Herald of free enterprise ferry capsized in the loss the of 154 passengers & 38 crew - P&O were never prosecuted
What do self report studies suggest?
A link between social class and criminal behaviour
- robbeey is linked with long term unemployment
How does Langan ANALYSE crime
White collar crime are less visible & are victimless
= inequality of what our perception is as a typical criminal
How does Marxism ANALYSE crime
Law is selectivly enforced again the working class ensuring they are demonised and imprisoned
