Class 2 Notes Flashcards
Media richness
The more helpful cues and immediate feedback the medium provides, the richer it is
Name advantages of oral communication
ask questions immediately
can see facial expressions and non verbal cues
group consensus more easy
gyu friendship
Disadvantages of oral communication
can waste time
no written record
can be inconvenient
requires work interruption (most important one)
advantages of written communication
permanent record ( most important)
Easy to develop well conceived message
can fir schedules of both ends
Convenient
can be reviewed
Disadvantages of written communication
time consuming to prepare
difficult to prepare
can be made public and dangerous if in wrong hands
Downward communication
from management to employees
policies
job plans
procedures
mission goals
directive
motivation
Horizontal communication
Among workers at the same level
task coordination
problem solving
conflict resolution
idea generation
team building
goal clarification
Upward communication
from subordinates to management
product feedback
customer complaints and data
progress reports
suggestions
problems
clarifications
How to improve downward communication
management speaking directly to employees
creating smaller work teams
inform staff of future plans
How to improve upward communication
provide nontreathening environment
report customer complaints
regular staff meetings
offer incentive programs encouraging employee feedback
hire communication coaches
How to improve horizontal communication
train employees in teamwork and communication skills
reward system for team achievements
encourage participation in team functions (most important one boyyy)
Informal chanels (grapevine)
Communication that involves office gossip
How to deal with grapevine
Respect employees’ desire to know
increase amount of info through formal channels (most important one)
share good and bad news
go away from gossip (also very important)
share little info about yourself
correct misinformation
say nice shit about others
monitor grapevine
What are the nonverbal ways to communicate?
eye contact
facial expressions
shit you wear (appearance)
time
territory
posture and gestures
appearance if your documents too
Nonverbal communication, what does it do
It influences how the receiver decodes the message
complement verbal communication
reinforces verbal communication
accentuates verbal communication
or can even contradict verbal communication
What is culture?
shared by society, a Complex system of:
values
customs
traits
morals
Molds the way we think, behave and communicate
Characteristics of culture
It can be learned
basis of self identity and community
combines the visible and invisible (most important one)
inherently logical (logical since almost birth)
it is dynamic
How should nonverbal communication important
Receiver is the most important of message
Has to be consistent with verbal message (cant confuse receivers)
Gotta make sure not to offend other cultures
Visible culture
What we see
What we present
Invisible culture
Difficult to change
Evolved into us
Ex: fears
Low context cultures
Action oriented
logical
linear
High context cultures
In relation to the context
Ex: the way we dress
relational
intuitive
contemplative
collectivist
Low power distance
Subordinates consider themselves equal to supervisors
Participate in decision making
More visible in north america
High power distance
Emphasize formality Paternalistic power relationships
Importance of titles
How to improve interucultural effectivness
Be self aware
vag on ethnocentrism (most important)
be open minded
understand generalizations and stereotypes
Ethnocentrism
belief that your culture is superior
causes to judge others by their values
Prototype
Mental presentation based on characteristics that are flexible and open to new definitions with experiences
Be patient because:
In high context societies, they take time for reflection
Do not interrupt or finish senteces if they have trouble
Improving intercultural communication, how to do so
Eye contact and smile when appropriate
Listen without interrupting
Let host take the lead without interrupting
A lot of info in figures if speech
Use short sentences (15 to max 20 words)
what is the richest channel of communication
face to face
what is the worst channel of communication
Unaddressed documents (spam) is the worst
is writing a richer or poorer medium of communication than oral
its poorer boy
what are the richest to poorest methods of communication
- face to face
- Video
- Audio
- Written, addressed
- unaddressed documents
what is the richest and best method to deal with complex problems
telephone calls and face to face
is written communication enough for straightforward and routine issues
yeee boooy
what can create grapevine
bad communication in organization
requires social relationships
unofficial messages
can spread quickly online
thrives when theres limitation of information (most important one)
do executives and management like or hate the grapevine
hate boy
should you take everything literally with nonverbal communication
nah boy
what does immigration and social media do to culture
it changes it
what are the dimensions of culture
context
power distance
communication style
individualism/collectivism
time orientation
what is the low context communication style
emphasize words, straightforwardness, and openness
People are informal, impatient, literal
Uncomfortable with silence and delays
what is the high context communication style
Rely on nonverbal cues and the total picture to communicate
Meanings are embedded at many levels, including figures of speech
are low context individualist or collectivist
individualist
prefer individual achievements
are high context individualist or collectivist
collectivist
Prefer group values, duties, and decisions
what is the high context time orientation
time is unlimited
More relaxed approach to time management
what is the low context time orientation
time is money
Time keeping extremely important
all in all, how are high context cultures
Relational
Collectivist
Intuitive
Contemplative
all in all, how are low context cultures
Logical
Linear
Individualistic
Action-oriented
how to reduce ethnocentrism
through fostering knowledge of other cultures and developing cultural sensitivity
stereotype
oversimplified behavioural pattern applied uncritically to groups
prejudice
Rigid attitude based on erroneous beliefs or preconceptions
generalizations
To categorize data, generalizations are made
What is FACE?
a person’s image in their social network
Those in high-context cultures are more concerned with saving face
what is THE most important thing to consider since deciphering body language is more complex when cultures differ
Gestures can have different meanings in different cultures
what are the two most important aspects of Improving Communication Among Diverse Workplace Audiences
- Understand the value of differences
2. Make fewer assumptions
how can you improve intercultural communication
Listen without interrupting (most important one)
Use short sentences (fewer than 20 words) and short paragraphs (fewer than eight lines)
NO SLANG
observe eye contact
smile when appropriate
are low context culture uncomfortable with delays
yeee boy
