Class 1 Deck 2 Flashcards
What is the main role of the occipital lobe?
-Vision
What is the main roles of the temporal lobe?
- Hearing
- Organizing/Comprehension of language
- Memory
What area of the temporal lobe is responsible for language comprehension
-Wernicke’s area (left side only)
What connects Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area?
-Arcuate fasciculus
What separates the Cerebrum from the Cerebellum?
-Tentorium Cerebelli
The cerebellum (little brain) does what things?
- Precise timing of muscle contraction
- Complex motor behaviors
- Balance
- Sequence of events
What does the diencephalon do?
- Links cerebrum to brainstem
- Integrates sensory info w/ motor commands
What organs are housed in the diencephalon?
- Thalamus (Sensory relay station)
- Hypothalamus (hormone production)
- Pineal gland (secrete melatonin)
What role does the hypothalamus play?
- Captain of the Autonomic nervous system
- overseer of Homeostasis
What does the hypothalamus control?
- Emotions
- Water balance
- Day/night rythms
- Endocrine
What gland interfaces between the endocrine and nervous systems?
-Pituitary
Where does the spinal cord attach to the brain?
-Medulla
What does the mid brain do and where is it located?
- Process sight and sound
- Maintains consciousness
- Located between pons and cerebellum
What dose the pons do and where is it locate?
- Pneumotaxic center (controls respiration)
- Lies above the medulla
What does the medulla oblongota regulate?
- Autonomic function (arousal, HR, BP, digestion, rate and depth of breathing)
- vomiting, swallowing, coughing, sneezing
What feeds the posterior part of the brain with blood?
-Vertebral arteries
Blood brain barrier allows passage of what?
- Small molecules
- Lipophillic molecules
- Passive transport of glucose
- Active transport of Amino acids
Blood brain barrier prevents passage of what?
- Large molecules
- Charged (ionized) molecules
What effects the blood brain barrier?
- Trauma
- Mass growth (tumor)
What are the 3 cranial meninges?
- Dura mater
- Arachnoid mater
- Pia mater
What are the 2 layers of the dura mater
- Endosteal
- Meningeal
What anchors the pia mater to the brain?
-Astrocytes
Where is CSF circulating in the brain?
-Below the subarachnoid space but above pia mater
Where is CSF formed?
choroid plexus in the Ventricles of the brain
Ventricles are lined by what?
Ependymal cells
how much CSF is made per hour? Day? Total at any given time?
- 21 ml/hr
- 500 ml/day
- 150 mls
What decrease CSF production?
- Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
- Corticosteroids
- Isoflurane
- Spironlactone
- Laisx
- Vasoconstrictors
What artery provides the majority of blood to the spinal cord? And where does it arise from?
- Anterior spinal artery
- Vertebral arteries
Where do nerves emerge from the cervical vertebra? The rest?
- Above
- Below
Dorsal roots are what type of fibers? And what is a good way to remember?
- Sensory
- SAD (Sensory, Afferent, Dorsal)
Ventral roots are what kind of fibers? and where do they arise?
- Motor (Efferent)
- Gray column of spinal cord
What is the grey matter of the spinal column? White matter?
- Grey = neuronal cell bodies
- White = ascending & descending nerve pathways
What are the 3 main components of the intracranial vault?
- CSF
- Brain
- Blood
Normal ICP?
5-15
What major vessels supply the circle of willis?
- Left and right carotids
- Basilar
What vessels are not paired in the circle of willis?
- basilar
- Anterior communicating
Motor nerves arise from what part of the spinal cord?
-anterior horn
