Class 1

Question 1

Normal value for PaO2

Answer 1

80-100 mm HG

Question 2

Normal value for PaCO2

Answer 2

35-45 mm HG

Question 3

Normal value for ph

Answer 3

7.35-7.45

Question 4

Normal value of HCO3

Answer 4

22-26 mEq/l

Question 5

Normal value for SaO2

Answer 5

95-100%

Question 6

Panic value for PaO2

Answer 6

<40

Question 7

Panic value for PaCO2

Answer 7

<20 of >70

Question 8

Panic value for pH

Answer 8

<7.2 or >7.6

Question 9

Panic value for HCO3

Answer 9

<10 or >40

Question 10

Panic value for SaO2

Answer 10

<60

Question 11

Degrees of hypoxemia

Answer 11

Mild PaO2 60-80
mod PaO2 40-60
Severe <40

Question 12

Diaphragm is innervated by

Answer 12

C3-5

Question 13

Traps innervation

Answer 13

C1-4

Question 14

Scalenes innervation

Answer 14

C3-8 and T1

Question 15

Lats innervation

Answer 15

C5-8

Question 16

Apnea is what

Answer 16

Lack of airflow to lungs for > 15 sec

Question 17

Biot’s respirations

Answer 17

Constant increased rate and depth of respiration followed by periods of apnea of varying lengths

Question 18

Bradypnea

Answer 18

Ventilation rate of < 12 breaths per minute

Question 19

Cheyne-stokes respiration

Answer 19

Increasing depth of ventilation followed by periods of apnea

Question 20

Hyperpnea

Answer 20

Increased depth of ventilation

Question 21

Hyperventilation

Answer 21

Increased rate and depth of ventilation resulting in decreased PCO2

Question 22

Hypoventilation

Answer 22

Decreased rate and depth of ventilation resulting in increased PCO2

Question 23

Kussmal respirations

Answer 23

Increased regular rate and depth of ventilation

Question 24

Orthopnea

Answer 24

Dyspnea that occurs in a flat position. Relief occurs with more upright sitting or standing

Question 25

Paradoxical ventilation

Answer 25

Inward abdominal or chest wall movements with inspiration and outward movement with expiration

Question 26

Sighing respirations

Answer 26

The presence of a sign > 2-3 times per minute

Question 27

Tachypnea

Answer 27

Ventilation rate of > 20 breaths per minute

Question 28

Tracheal, Bronchial, and bronchovesicular sounds

Answer 28

Loud, tubular sounds hears over the proximal airways…. Expiratory phase is longer than inspiratory phase

Question 29

Vesicular sounds

Answer 29

Soft rustling sounds heard over the more distal airways and lung parenchyma…. Inspiration is longer than expiration

Question 30

Ipsilateral shift of trachea can indicate what

Answer 30

- atelectasis (relative vacuum) - pneumonectomy/lobectomy

Question 31

Contralateral tracheal shift can indicate what

Answer 31

- pleural effusion - tumor - tension pneumothorax

Question 32

Airway clearance - divided into four phases

Answer 32

- full inspiration - closure of the glottis with an increase in intrathoracic pressure - abdominal contraction - rapid expulsion of air