CLA Social Interactionism

Question 1

David Crystal

Social Interactionism

Answer 1

• 80% of language interaction between parent and child in the first year is play. (Lullabies and Nursery rhymes).
• Early play routines demonstrates a complementary relationship to the patterns of visual and tactile contact. (e.g. Nuzzling, and tickling routines, finger walking, peeping sequences, etc)
• Believes that language play continues throughout life , with children experimenting with: Phonetic play, prosodic variations, rhyming, nonsense words and morphological variations.

Question 2

Bard and Sachs (Jim)

Social Interactionsim

Answer 2

• Studied a boy called ‘Jim’, who was son of two deaf parents.
• Despite being exposed to TV and Radio, his speech development was severely limited.
• This is demonstrative that simple exposure to language (e.g. from television) is not an effective stimulus to language learning; human interaction is necessary to develop speech.

Question 3

innate reading of social situations.

John Macnamara

Social Interactionism

Answer 3

• Stated that rather than having an in-built language device, children have an innate capacity to read meaning into social situations; it is this that makes them capable of understanding and learning language. Not the LAD.

Question 4

Clark-Stewart (1973)

Social Interactionism

Answer 4

• Found that children whoses mothers talk more have larger vocabularies.

Question 5

TED Talk - The Linguistic Genius of Babies

Patricia Kuhl (2011)

Social Interactionism

Answer 5

• Found that babies learn language best in social settings and the TV is not a substitute for social interaction.
• In experiment using American and Japanese babies, those who were only exposed to the TV or listening to audio did not show the same ability to distinguish sounds in the way that babies had had human interaction.
• Also asserted that the “critical period” for learning language is from birth until 7 years old.
• From 6-12 months, babies have an incredible ability to distinguish different sounds no matter what the language.

Question 6

Social interactionalist theory (LASS)

Bruner

scaffold,GA,Q,L,F

Social interactionism

Answer 6

• Social interactionism believes that caregivers scaffold conversation and interaction with children.
• It is only through their interactions with adults that children learn the social pragmatics of language use.
• Bruner states that language learning is an innate ability but it is crucial that it is activated through LASS (Language Acquisition Support System).
• Exemplfied by how parents often use books and images to develop their child’s naming ability and their ability to get involved in conversation:
• Gaining attention: Drawing the baby’s attention to a picture.
• Query: Asking the baby to identify the picture
• Label: Telling the baby what the object is
• Feedback: Responding to the baby’s utterances

Question 7

Garvey

Sociodramatic play

Answer 7

• Studied pairs of children.
• Observed how children would adopt roles and identities.
• Children would act out story lines and invent objects and settings as part of their make believe.
• This practices childrens social interactions and helps them develop field-specific lexis such as: School, shops, hospitals.

Question 8

Football scores

Cruttenden (1974)

Answer 8

• Compared adults and children to see if they could predict footbal results from listening to the score.
• Adults could successfully predict the winners due to the inotation placed on the first team.
• Children, aged 7, were less accurate.