CL 11- basic concepts of organic chemistry

Question 1

general formula for alkane

Answer 1

CₙH₂ₙ₊₂

Question 2

general formula for alkene

Answer 2

CₙH₂ₙ

Question 3

homologous series

definition

Answer 3

a series of organic compounds having the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH₂

Question 4

functional group

definition

Answer 4

part of the molecule responsible for the chemical properties

Question 5

aliphatic

definition and examples

Answer 5

molecule with carbon atoms joined together in straight chains, branched chains or non-aromatic rings
e.g. alkanes and alkenes

Question 6

alicyclic

definition and examples

Answer 6

carbon atoms joined to each other in non-aromatic rings, with or without branches
e.g. cyclohexane

Question 7

aromatic

definition and examples

Answer 7

some or all carbons are in a benzene ring
e.g. methylbenzene

Question 8

saturated

Answer 8

single C-C bonds only

Question 9

unsaturated

Answer 9

contains double C=C bonds

Question 10

structural isomer

Answer 10

same molecular formula but different structural formula

Question 11

homolytic fission

definition

Answer 11

when a bond breaks and each atom takes 1 electron from the bond, resulting in 2 radicals

Question 12

heterolytic fission

definition

Answer 12

when a bond breaks and both electrons go to one atom, resulting in a positive and negative ion

Question 13

radical

definition

Answer 13

has an unpaired electron

Question 14

what does a curly arrow represent?

Answer 14

movement of an electron pair