Civil Rights - Women

Question 1

What was the Position of Women in 1865

Answer 1

• Women more involved in Public Life
• Supported abolishment of slavery
• Active campaign against Alcohol, drunkness
• Promoted temperance
• Campaigners for social improvement

Question 2

First Major Turning Point for Women

Answer 2

Suffrage in Seneca Falls 1848

Question 3

Second Major Turning Point for Women

Answer 3

• First Anti-Slavery Campaign 1847

- Stowe written book exposing evils

Question 4

Civil War effects on Women

Answer 4

• Women in charge of households

- Raised funds, tended wounded

Question 5

Civil War AA knock on effects to women

Answer 5

• Greater Political Rights for AA

- Women believed they’d get greater opportunities

Question 6

Problems for Women during Civil War Period

Answer 6

• Most men did not support political role for women
• Did not want social equality for women
• Women worked on lower pay in basic jobs

Question 7

What type of Work did Women do in the Civil War Period

Answer 7

• Sharecropping smallholdings
• Factory work
• Had to do chores as well
• Some women moved to Prostitution

Question 8

Problems with Family Size for Women in Civil War Period

Answer 8

• Limited birth control
• Big families
• Limited use of contraception (childcare responsibilities)

Question 9

Summary of Women in Civil War Period

Answer 9

• Greater role in public life
• Often linked to social care, morality and religion
• Tried to have some development with Suffrage for example

Question 10

What was the 19th Ammendment

Answer 10

-Gave Women the right to Vote

Question 11

How did the Campaign for Prohibition gain so much support?

Answer 11

• WCTU gained 800,000 members by 1920
• Led by Willard
• Powerful leader in getting area to ban alcohol

Question 12

How did the Campaign for Women’s Suffrage work?

Answer 12

• Saw the development of AA rights
• Led by Stanton and Anthony
• Formed NWSA 1869, weakened by AWSA, formed NAWSA
• Protested about Women’s suffrage and focused on getting more women to vote

Question 13

NWSA effect on Congress and Supreme Court

Answer 13

• SC stated Women could not run for congress

- but Local states could allow voting (Utah 1870)

Question 14

How did states treat Women Votes in early years

Answer 14

• Only could vote if had school age children and married

- Southern states reluctant to give vote to AA Women

Question 15

+ on how the 19th Amendment was passed

Answer 15

+ 1900s saw British Suffrages
+ Women’s contribution to war was saw apparent
+ NWSA urged Politics to support women
+ Hard Work and Organisations helped pass

Question 16

• on how the 19th Amendment was Passed

Answer 16

Short term benefits

• Women still had to gain influence in Demo. Rep. parties which were male dominated
• Women’s movements divided on how best to use the vote
• Did not vote in huge numbers in 1920, first election they could participate in
• NWSA attracted fewer then 10% of its former members

Question 17

Impact on Women throughout years after WW1

Answer 17

• Women suffered discrimination in voting qualifications
• Still restrictions on their right to run for public office and owning land
• 1960s Some states not let married women sign legal contracts by themselves
• Voting dominated by husbands
• 1933 146 women in state legislatures
• 1939 only 2 female state governors

Question 18

The New Deal effect on Women (Roosevelt)

Answer 18

• Eleanor Roosevelt big supporter of women rights
• Women given places on advisory boards to deal with relief, recovery and reform
• Female cabinet member for first time, Perkins, Secretary for Labour
• 1945 246 women elected for state legislatures

Question 19

Freedom of Women in 1920

Answer 19

• Clothing less restricted
• More acceptance of freer social and sexual behaviour
• Women expected to give up jobs to unemployed men

Question 20

+ of Second World War effect on Women

Answer 20

+ Increase in Women working and working in more male based jobs eg factory work
+ Propaganda big influence on Women Working
+ eg Rosie the Riveter
+ More Women in Armed forces, Congress etc

Question 21

• of Second World War effect on Women

Answer 21

• Women still paid less then men
• Did not take part in major decisions in Military
• Limited provision for childcare (dual responsibilities)
• AA women not as equal as White Women

Question 22

Why was there a ‘new Feminism’ movement

Answer 22

• Due to AA demanding civil rights
• Women thought they’d also campaign
• E.g Rosa Parks who stimulated ‘New feminist’

Question 23

What was the Influential Report of American Women 1963?

Answer 23

-Revealed extent of inequality

Question 24

What was Friedan’s book ‘the feminine mystique’ about?

Answer 24

• 1963
• False attitudes towards women
• highlights people preventing women of their true abilities and potential

Question 25

What was ‘NOW’ 1966 and their aims

Answer 25

• National Organisation for Women
• Tried to end discrimination
• Even though discrimination made illegal via CR act 1964

Question 26

What were Women’s demands during 50s/60s

Answer 26

• Wanted equality in education
• Wanted employment opportunities
• Political organisations
• Equal Pay act 1963
• Wanted change to abortion laws

Question 27

How did the Equal Rights Amendment (ERA) go through Constitution?

Answer 27

• 1970 was a campaign for the ERA to Constitution
• 1972 gained enough support to be debated by congress
• Supported by NOW, launched campaigns
• Passed by both houses, accepted by Nxion
• Not ratified by 2/3 majority

Question 28

What was the Opposition to the ERA

Answer 28

• Schlafly wanted traditional values
• women thought they’d lose respect (traditional)
• Older women feared they’d lose divorce settlements

Question 29

Roe v. Wade 1973

Answer 29

• issues of abortion

- Reached supreme court in 1973