civil rights Flashcards by Alexis Wiesman

years of the civil war?
who wins?
years of the civil rights movement?
^importance?

1861-1865
north wins

1954-1968
almost 100 years after fighting for slavery to end the civil rights movement starts.

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civil rights definition

the rights of citizens to political(voting) and social (segregation) freedom and equality

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what is slavery based on?

race

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what percent owned slaves?
how many supported?
why?

5 % owned
95 % supported
white supremacy

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civil war recap:

civil war brings and end to slavery but white supremacy will continue

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south feeling towards civil war

“the lost cause”

the south lost but they fought for a just cause

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where is the federal government

washington dc

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states rights vs federal government

states rights(south)
pro slavery/pro segregation

federal government(north)
end slavery/ end segregation

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13 amendment

abolish slavery

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14th amendment

US citizens

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15th amendment

right to vote

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what do the 13, 14, and 15th amendment have in common?

civil war amendments

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most segregated city today?

milwaukee

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what is lynching
why was it used?

illegal hanging
*scare the black community

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literacy test and poll tax
purpose?

literacy test: had to read to vote. many blacks could not read. blacks got harder questions than whites

poll tax: pay to vote. blacks had no money

prevent blacks from voting

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segregation definition + purpose

separation

to remind blacks everyday they are second class citizens

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De Jure vs De Facto segregation
example?

de jure: segregation by law
south
easier to end
ruggles

de facto: segregation by chance/habit
north
secretary + janitors

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plessy vs ferguson

“separate but equal”
segregation is now legal

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tulsas massacre

largest race massacre
300 people killed

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“Double V”

1) Victory in WW2
2) Victory at home=civil rights/equality

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WW2 and Jackie Robinson

fought ww2 to bring democracy to the world. blacks fought.

baseball player
most popular sport
represents change in america

jim crow laws
example?

segregation laws

restaurants, busses, schools

what is a precedent

prior ruling

brown v board of education

segregation in schools is over
precedent is now set
*beginning of the end of segregation

television

without television the civil rights movement wouldn’t have happened at this time

Montgomery bus boycott

Alabama rosa parks 381 days 60%of bus riders are black and refuse to ride the bus economic boycott bussing segregation is over

MLK jr

civil rights leader peaceful and nonviolent protest doesn’t want to be seen as an agressor/violent

little rock 9 time limit to desegregate schools?

Arkansas try to desegregate little rock highschool 101st airborne escorts kids to school but 9 black kids into a high school all deliberate speed

young people and the civil rights movement 2 reasons why they lead:

young lead the civil rights movement 1) young and dumb 2) little responsibility to others

sit ins

desegregate restaurants

james meredith

first black student to attend ole miss 2 people killed due to riots of JM attending ole miss

march to washington

“i have a dream speech” putting pressure on congress to get civil rights bill passed

civil rights act of 1964

segregation is now illegal in all public spaces dejure segregation is over

freedom summer

voting rights act of 1965

fed gov will now protect all voters

Malcolm X

civil rights leader supports violent “eye for eye” protests

black power

proud to be black

redlining + white flight

“white flight” white people moved out of the city and took wealth with them. city becomes the ghetto refusal to give someone a loan in a certain area because of their race

black panthers

protection from police brutality

kings death where and who

memphis tn james earl ray

civil rights act 1968

housing ends redlining

end of the civil rights (2 reasons)

1) kings death 2) white people believe they have done enough

3 failures of civil rights

1) doesn’t solve defacto segregation 2)racism/discrimination 3) poverty/economics

purpose of the freedom riders? what reaction did they want?

enforce desegregation on busses violent reaction

what happen to the first bus at the alabama state line? then the second at anniston alabama

1) get beaten 2) get bombed / blew up

when new volunteers became freedom riders what police protection did they get? what does kennedy finally do?

none fed gov will protect them

why was birmingham called bombingham

60 bombings

what happens to children who march with MLK? why do they march instead of adults?

arrested fill the jails

how does bull dinner inadvertently help the civil rights movement

uses fire hoses and police dogs caught on tv

what does kennedy decide needs to be done to end racial violence in the south?

wants a civil rights bill passed