Civil Liberties Vocab

Question 1

The legal and constitutional protections against the government

Answer 1

Civil liberties

Question 2

The first 10 amendments to the US Constitution

Answer 2

Bill of rights

Question 3

The constitutional amendment that establishes the four great liberties; freedom of the press speech religion of assembly

Answer 3

First amendment

Question 4

The constitutional amendment adopted after the Civil War that states “no state shall make or enforce any law which I will bridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the United States”

Answer 4

14th amendment

Question 5

Part of the 14th amendment guaranteeing that persons cannot be deprived of life liberty or property by the United States or state governments without due process of law

Answer 5

Due process clause

Question 6

The legal concept under which the Supreme Court has nationalize the Bill of Rights by making most of its provisions applicable to the states through the 14th amendment

Answer 6

Selective incorporation

Question 7

Part of the first amendment stating “Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion”

Answer 7

Establishment clause

Question 8

The First Amendment provision that prohibits government from interfering with the practice of religion

Answer 8

Free exercise clause

Question 9

A government preventing material from being published

Answer 9

Prior restraint

Question 10

The publication of false or malicious statements that damage someone’s reputation

Answer 10

Libel

Question 11

Nonverbal communication such as burning a flag or wearing an arm band

Answer 11

Symbolic speech

Question 12

Communication in the form of advertising it can be restricted more than many other types of speech but has been receiving increase protection from the Supreme Court

Answer 12

Commercial speech

Question 13

The situation occurring when the police have reason to believe that a person should be arrested

Answer 13

Probable cause

Question 14

Obtaining evidence in a haphazard or random manor. a practice prohibited by the fourth amendment

Answer 14

Unreasonable search and seizures

Question 15

A written authorization from the court specifying the area to be searched and what the police are looking for

Answer 15

Search warrant

Question 16

The role that evidence no matter how incriminating cannot be introduced into a trial if it was not constitutionally obtained

Answer 16

Exclusionary rule

Question 17

A constitutional amendment designed to protect the rights of persons accused of crimes including protection against double jeopardy self-incrimination and punishment without due process of the law

Answer 17

5th amendment

Question 18

The situation occurring when an individual accused of a crime is compelled to be a witness against himself or herself in court

Answer 18

Self-incrimination

Question 19

A constitutional amendment designed to protect individuals accused of crimes

Answer 19

6th amendment

Question 20

A bargain struck between the defendants lawyer and the prosecutor to the effect that the defendant will plead guilty to a lesser crime in exchange for the state promise not to prosecute the defendant for more serious crime

Answer 20

Plea bargaining

Question 21

The constitutional amendment for bids cruel and usual punishment although it does not define this phrase

Answer 21

8th amendment

Question 22

Court sentences prohibited by the eighth amendment other the Supreme Court has ruled that mandatory death sentences for certain offenses are unconstitutional it is not held the death penalty itself constitutes cruel an unusual punishment

Answer 22

Cruel and unusual punishment

Question 23

The right to a private personal life free from the intrusion of government

Answer 23

Right to privacy