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Bio 12 > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the purpose of the circulatory system

A

To bring nutrients to, and take away wastes from the cells

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2
Q

What does the circulatory system consist of

A

Heart and blood vessels

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3
Q

What are the blood vessels used for

A

Transport the blood from the heart to the tissues and then back to the heart

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4
Q

Carry blood away from heart

A

Arteries

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5
Q

Carry blood toward heart

A

Veins

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6
Q

Are arteries more oxygenated

A

Yes

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7
Q

Are veins more deoxygenated

A

Yes

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8
Q

What are arteries made of

A

Smooth muscle, elastic fibres and supporting tissue

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9
Q

What are smaller branches or arteries

A

Arterioles

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10
Q

What do venules do

A

Drain blood from the capillaries and join them to form a vein

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11
Q

Why do veins have valves

A

Allows blood to flow only towards heart when they open and prevent back flow when they are closed

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12
Q

What muscle are veins made out of

A

Skeletal muscle

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13
Q

What do capillaries do

A

Branch from the arterioles into a network of vessels that increase the surface area the blood can reach

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14
Q

What muscle are capillaries made of

A

Sphinctel muscles which circle the entrance to school capillary so that blood flow can be controlled at any one time

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15
Q

Pulmonary circulation

A

The blood flow to and from the lungs only

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16
Q

Systemic circulation

A

The blood flow to and from body only

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17
Q

Aorta

A

From the heart and branches into all other major arteries

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18
Q

Carotid artery

A

From the heart to the head

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19
Q

Pulmonary artery

A

From the heart to the lungs

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20
Q

Subclavian artery

A

From the heart to the arms

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21
Q

Renal artery

A

From the heart to the kidneys

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22
Q

Iliac artery

A

From the heart to the legs

23
Q

Coronary arteries

A

From the heart to the heart muscle

24
Q

Mesentery artery

A

From the heart to the small intestines

25
Q

Vena cava

A

From the bodies major veins to the heart

26
Q

Hepatic portal vein

A

From the small intestine to the liver

27
Q

What is the myocardium

A

The major portion of the heart is composed of cardiac muscle

28
Q

What is the heart covered by

A

Pericardium which forms a pericardial sac which encloses the heart and is filled with lubricating liquid

29
Q

What does the right side of the heart do

A

Pumps blood to the lungs (pulmonary)

30
Q

What does the left side of the heart do

A

Pumps blood to the rest of the body (systemic)

31
Q

What is the wall called that separates the two sides of the heart

A

Septum

32
Q

What is the first phase of the heart beat

A

The atria is contracting and the ventricles are relaxing

33
Q

What is the second phase of a heart beat

A

The ventricles are contracting and the atria are relaxing

34
Q

What is the lib in a heart beat

A

The closing of the AV valves

35
Q

What is The dubb in a heartbeat

A

The closing of the semi lunaic valves

36
Q

Relaxation of the heart muscle lowest arterial blood pressure

A

Diastole

37
Q

What is intrinsic

A

The heart cells beat without the brain telling them what to do

38
Q

What is the SA node

A

Initiates the heartbeat by sending out an automatic signal approximately every 0.85 seconds to make the atria contract. AKA pacemaker which keeps heartbeat regular

39
Q

What is the AV node

A

Receives the signal from the SA node and then send the signal along special conducting fibre is called the AV bundle located in the septum and then to the purkinje fibres

40
Q

What are purkinje fibres

A

Send the electrical signal down to the ventricles causing them to contract. The contraction begins at the base of the heart and moves up like a wave

41
Q

What is blood pressure

A

The pressure of the blood against the wall of a vessel

42
Q

What is systolic blood pressure

A

The highlights arterial pressure reached during ejection of blood from the heart

43
Q

Blood pressure in vessels, Hughes to lowest

A

Arteries, arterioles, capillaries, venules, veins

44
Q

which of these blood vessels have the highest cross sectional area

A

capillaries

45
Q

What is urea

A

Waste

46
Q

What’s do kidneys do

A

Clean body of waste

47
Q

What helps to move blood through veins

A

By rhythmic movement of smooth muscle in the vessel wall and by the action of the skeletal muscle as the body moves

48
Q

Hypotension

A

Low blood pressure

60-90

49
Q

Hypertension

A

High blood pressure

130-140

50
Q

Oval opening

A

Pass blood from the right atrium over to the left atrium bypassing the pulmonary circulation

51
Q

Arterial duct

A

Directs the blood being pumped into the lung straight into the aorta also bypassing the pulmonary circulation

52
Q

Umbilical arteries and veins

A

A member insured by mom and baby. Where are the exchange of nutrients and waste occur

53
Q

Venous duct

A

Passes blood from the umbilical vein high nutrients, bypassing the liver to the vena cava to the heart

54
Q

What happens if a baby is born in the oval opening doesn’t close

A

Deoxygenated plus oxygenated blood mix the baby does not receive fully oxygenated blood causing them to appear blue

Bio 12 (9 decks)

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