Circulatory System Flashcards
Endocarditis
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart, usually valves
Pericarditis
inflammation of outer layer of heart
Brady
slow (rate < 60)
Tachy
fast (rate >100)
Angi/o
vessel
Veno
Vein
Phlebo
vein
-stasis
to stop
-cyte
cell (erythrocytes, red blood cells)
Hypoxemia
low oxygen in blood
hematosalpinx
blood in the uterine tubes
Atherosclerosis
hardening of arteries (fatty areas can become calcified and hard, which lead to heart and kidney damage and strokes)
Myocardial infarction (MI)
“heart attack” blockage of coronary artery,
infarction
blockage of blood flow resulting in death of muscle tissue
Prolapse
“a falling forward”, flaps of valve tear away due to disease, results in leakage and regurgitation
Regurgitation
backward flow
Stenosis
“a narrowing”, if a valve is abnormally narrow it can cause partial obstruction constricting flow
Angina pectoris
“pain in chest”, accompanied by SOB, fatigue, and nausea. Anginal pain indicates not enough blood getting into the heart muscle (ischemia or MI). (Nitroglycerine tabs can relieve this pain by increasing blood flow)
Arrhythmia/dysrhythmia
Abnormal heart rates and rhythms (no rhythm and abnormal rhythm)
Examples of Arrhythmia and dysrhythmia
ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation
Ischemia
reduced blood flow (pt may suffer angina pain and may think they are having a heart attack.)
Electrocardiogram (ECG/EGK)
recording of electrical activity of the heart.
Echocardiography
using ultra high frequency sound waves to form an image of the inside of the heart. Can show valve damage and congenital defects
Cardiac catheterization
catheter threaded into an artery up into the heart. Then material opaque to XRs can be released into he blood flow through the heart imaging the details of the coronary arteries. Identifies a blockage and location in the coronary circulation.
