Circulatory System

Question 1

Formed elements are produced from

Answer 1

Stem cells in red bone marrow

Question 2

Erythrocytes

Answer 2

Red blood cells, modified for transport of oxygen. Most of this oxygen is bound to the pigmented protein hemoglobin.

Question 3

Five types of leukocytes can be distinguished by

Answer 3

Size, appearance of the nucleus, staining properties, and presence or absence of visible cytoplasmic granules.

Question 4

Leukocytes

Answer 4

White blood cells, active in phagocytosis and anti-body formation

Question 5

Platelets

Answer 5

Active in the process of blood clotting.

Question 6

Blood serves to

Answer 6

Transport oxygen and nutrients to body cells into carry away carbon dioxide and metabolic waste

Question 7

Plasma contains

Answer 7

10% proteins, ions, nutrients, waste products, and hormones, which are dissolved or suspended in water

Question 8

Heart

Answer 8

A double pump that sends blood to the lungs for oxygenation through the pulmonary circuit into the remainder of the body through the systemic circuit.

Question 9

Ventricles

Answer 9

Tricuspid on the right side of the heart, bicuspid on the left

Question 10

Myocardium

Answer 10

Heart muscle

Question 11

Heart beat

Answer 11

Wave of electrical activity, measured on an ECG electrocardiogram

Question 12

Systole

Answer 12

Contraction phase

Question 13

Diastole

Answer 13

Relaxation phase

Question 14

Vascular system includes

Answer 14

Arteries, veins, and the capillaries

Question 15

Veins

Answer 15

Carry blood towards the heart

Question 16

Arteries

Answer 16

Carry blood away from the heart

Question 17

Capillaries

Answer 17

Small vessels where the exchanges take place between the blood and surrounding tissues, exchanging water, nutrients, and waste products.

Question 18

Systemic arteries

Answer 18

Begin with the aorta, branches to all parts of the body, gets thinner the further away from the heart. Smallest arteries are called arterioles.

Question 19

Walls of the arteries

Answer 19

Thick and elastic, carry blood under high-pressure.

Question 20

Walls of the veins

Answer 20

Thinner and less elastic, carry blood under lower pressure.

Question 21

Result from contraction and relaxation of smooth muscle in the arterial walls

Answer 21

Vasoconstriction and vasodilation (influence blood pressure and blood distribution to the tissues)

Question 22

Whole blood consists of

Answer 22

55% plasma and 45% formed elements - erythrocytes (RBC), leukocytes (WBC), and platelets