Circulatory System

Question 1

What are the 3 main types of blood vessels?

Answer 1

1. arteries
2. veins
3. capillaries

Question 2

What are the differences between the artery and the veins?

Answer 2

Artery

• takes blood away from the heart
• blood travels in small spurts
• no valves present
• thick muscles walls
• pressure is very high
• most arteries carry oxygenated blood which is bright red

Veins

• takes blood to the heart
• blood travels more smoothly
• valves present
• thin muscle walls
• pressure is very low
• most veins carry oxygenated blood which is maroon

Question 3

What is the path of the blood from heart to body cells and back?

Answer 3

• heart
• arteries
• arterioles
• capillaries
• venules
• veins

Question 4

Why are materials exchanged in the capillaries?

Answer 4

The arteries and veins have muscles too thick to allow exchange of materials, therefore it is exchanged in the capillaries because they are thin enough for diffusion.

Question 5

What is the structure and function of the human heart?

Answer 5

• 4 chambers, valves and blood vessels
• composed of two sides (left and right)
• pumps blood to the lungs and to the body

Question 6

What are the types of heart tissue?

Answer 6

• epithelial tissue (endocaridum)
• muscle tissue (myocardium)
• nervous tissue that stimulates heart rate

Question 7

What is the low pressure system called?

Answer 7

The pulmonary circuit

Question 8

What is the high pressure system called?

Answer 8

The systemic circuit

Question 9

Which side of the heart is the more muscular side?

Answer 9

The left side of the heart

Question 10

What is the double circulation system?

Answer 10

Lungs to the pulmonary veins to the left atrium past the bicuspid valve to the left ventricle past the aortic semi-lunar valve to the aorta then all the way around the body then through the superior and inferior venae cavae to the right atrium and then past the tricuspid valve to the right ventricle then past the pulmonary semi-lunar valves to the pulmonary arteries and back to the lungs.

Question 11

How long is the blood vessels in a human body?

Answer 11

96000 km of blood vessels

Question 12

What is the circulatory system is made up of what?

Answer 12

• blood
• heart (pump)
• transport vessels (arteries, veins)

Question 13

What is the function of the circulatory system?

Answer 13

1. ) transport oxygen and carbon dioxide (from respiratory tract to body tissues
2. ) distributes nutrients (from digestive tract to body tissues) and transport waste (from tissues and delivers to respiratory tract)
3. ) maintains body temperature
4. ) circulates hormones

Question 14

What are the two parts of the circulatory system?

Answer 14

1. pulmonary circuit

2. systemic circuit

Question 15

What are the 4 different parts of the human blood?

Answer 15

1. Plasma (55%)
2. Red Blood Cells (45%)
3. White Blood Cells (.5%)
4. Platelets (.5%)

Question 16

What is plasma?

Answer 16

-a straw coloured fluid that allows nutrients and gases to be dissolved

Question 17

What are red blood cells?

Answer 17

• made in the bone marrow, stored in the spleen
• the lifespan is 120 days
• they have no nucleus and are donut shaped to move through blood vessels
• contain hemoglobin
• they transport oxygen and remove carbon dioxide from the cells

Question 18

What are white blood cells?

Answer 18

• made in bone marrow
• they are generally larger than red blood cells
• fight infection, destroy and consume invading bacteria and damaged cells
• elevated WBC can indicate an infection

Question 19

What are platelets?

Answer 19

• small parts of other cells
• involved in clotting blood
• break open when they encounter damaged blood vessels