Circulatory System Flashcards
2 main functions of the CS
Transport + Protection (against disease)
Adaptations of Red Blood Cells
1) Contain Haemoglobin (rich in Iron) that O² binds to.
2) Biconcave shape (large surface area)
3) No nucleus (more Haemoglobin)
White Blood Cell adaptations
(Defence against Disease)
1) Lymphocytes - produce antibodies
2) Phagocytes - engulf and digest microorganisms
What is Plasma
The liquid part of the blood; main function is Transport
What are Platelets used for?
Help clot blood - fibrins created form a mesh to trap blood
What happens when red blood cells are placed in water?
They will take in the water through osmosis and burst (cell lysis)
Artery- Direction of blood flow/ thickness of wall/ blood pressure/ valves/ lumen diameter
Away from heart/ Thick/ High/ None/ Relatively Small
Vein- Direction of blood flow/ thickness of wall/ blood pressure/ valves/ lumen diameter
Back to Heart/ Thinner than artery/ Low/ Yes (to prevent backflow of blood)/ relatively large (reduce friction because of slower movement)
Capillary- Direction of blood flow/ thickness of wall/ blood pressure/ valves/ lumen diameter
From Arteries to Veins/ one cell thick (for exchange of materials)/ Low/ None/ Very small
Double Circulation
The blood goes through the heart twice for each complete circuit of the body
Vena Cava / Aorta
Returns blood from Body/ Carries Oxygenated blood around body
Pulmonary Artery / Vein
Carries deoxygenated blood to lungs / Returns Oxygenated blood from lungs
What do Valves do?
Prevent Backflow of Blood
What is the role of the coronary blood vessels?
Supply the heart muscle with blood
How can exercise benefit the CS
1) Strengthen the Muscles
2) Increase Cardiac Output (pump more blood per minute)
