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Biology > Circulatory System > Flashcards

Circulatory System Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

2 types of blood

A

Oxygen Rich Blood
Oxygen Poor Blood

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2
Q

Blood traveling to the body cells

A

Oxygen Rich blood

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3
Q

Blood travelling away from the body cells

A

Oxygen Poor blood

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4
Q

The organ at the center of the circulatory system. It pumps blood around the body.

A

Heart

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5
Q

(receives blood) is the atrium

A

Upper Chamber

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6
Q

(pumps blood out of the heart) is the ventricle

A

Lower Chamber

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7
Q

4 Chambers

A

2 Atria
2 Ventricles

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8
Q

4 Valves of the Heart

A

Pulmonary Valve
Tricuspid Valve
Aortic Valve
Mitral Valve

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9
Q

Enabling the deoxygenated blood to be pumped from the right ventricle.

A

Pulmonary Valve

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10
Q

This valve also helps prevent blood from flowing backward into either of these chambers.

A

Tricuspid Valve

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11
Q

One of three major categories of muscles found within the human body.

A

Myocardium

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12
Q

Is the basic contractile unit of a myocyte.

A

Sacromere

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13
Q

Ensure that oxygen-rich blood does not flow back into the left ventricle.

A

Aortic Valve

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14
Q

Regulates blood flow from the upper left chamber (left atrium) into the lower left chamber (left ventricle),

A

Mitral Valve

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15
Q

Large vessels
Carry blood from heart to tissues of body.
Carry oxygen rich blood, with the exception of pulmonary arteries.
Thick walls-need to withstand pressure produced when heart pushes blood into them

A

Arteries

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16
Q

The force of blood on the wall of the arteries.

A

Blood Pressure

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17
Q

Link arterioles to veins.
Smallest blood vessels
Walls are only one cell thick and very narrow.
Important for bringing nutrients and oxygen to tissues and absorbing CO2 and other waste products.

A

Capillaries

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18
Q

Carry blood towards the heart.

A

Veins

19
Q

The first number taken, is the force felt in the arteries when the ventricles contract

A

Systolic Pressure

20
Q

The second number taken, is the force of the blood on the arteries when the ventricles relax.

A

Diastolic Pressure

21
Q

Most numerous type
Transport oxygen
Get color from hemoglobin
Disk shaped
Made in red bone marrow
Circulate for 120 days

A

Red blood cells

22
Q

Guards against infection, fight parasites, and attack bacteria
Number of -’s increases when body is fighting
Lymphocytes produce antibodies which fight pathogens and remember them

A

White blood cells

23
Q

White blood cells with protein or grain

A

Granulocytes

24
Q

Types of Granulocytes

A

Basophil (Allergic Reaction)
Neutrophil (bacteria)
Eosinophil (parasites)

25
Q

White blood cells without protein or grain

A

Agranulocytes

26
Q

Types of Agranulocytes

A

Lymphocytes – antibodies
Monocytes - Phagocytosis

27
Q

Aid the body in clotting
Stick to edges of broken blood cell and secrete clotting factor to help form clot.

A

Platelets

28
Q

it is also known as the cancer in the blood and extremely high level of white blood cell.

A

Leukemia

29
Q

Low energy due to lack of red blood cells.

A

Anemia

30
Q

Lack of blood clotting factor in the blood

A

Hemophilia

31
Q

A type of vascular disease where the blood vessels carrying oxygen away from the heart (arteries) become damaged from factors such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes and certain genetic influences.

A

Arteriosclerosis

32
Q

When the pressure in your blood vessels is too high.
-Often due to narrowing of arteries from plaque build up.

A

Hypertension

33
Q

Sometimes referred to as a brain attack, occurs when the blood supply to the brain is blocked by a clot or tear in a blood vessel.

A

Stroke

34
Q

Death of cardiac muscles cell due to lack of oxygen.
- Heart may stop pumping

    - Caused by Blood clots in the coronary arteries.
A

Heart Attack

35
Q

Swelling of the aorta

A

Aneurysm

36
Q

Heart makes extra sounds due to leaking valves.

A

Heart Murmurs

37
Q

Heart beats irregularly.

A

Arrythmia

38
Q

Defect of the structure of the heart and vessels, present at birth.
9 out of 1000 people are born with congenital heart defects.

A

Congenital Heart Diseases

39
Q

One complete sequence of contraction and relaxation is called a

A

Heartbeat

40
Q

— % of your body is blood

A

8%

41
Q

How many liters of blood do we contain?

A

4-6L

42
Q

Composed of -% plasma and -% blood cells

A

55% plasma and 45% blood cells

43
Q

We contain about a pint of blood for every — pounds of body weight

A

15lbs

Biology (9 decks)

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