circulatory system Flashcards
what are the 3 layers of blood
top layer- plasma
buffy coat layer- platelets and leucocytes
bottom layer- erythrocytes
what is the role of plasma in the human body
made of water and surrounds the blood cells, carrying them around the body. it helps maintain blood pressure and regulates body temperature. it also contains a mix of substances like minerals, salts, hormones and proteins.
what is the role of platelets within the body
they assist with blood clotting when a blood vessel has been damaged. the platelets change the blood from liquid to gel, so it can clot.
what is the role of leucocytes within the body
they are there to maintain the immune system of our body and to protect us from harmful diseases that may enter the body
what is the role of erythrocytes within the body
they use a protein called haemoglobin to transport oxygen and carry carbon dioxide back to the lungs. they are formed in the bone marrow and are active for 120 days before being broken down.
what is the role of the arteries, veins and capillaries
arteries- carry oxygenated blood away from the heart
veins- carry deoxygenated blood towards the heart
capillaries- link arteries to veins and carry either oxygenated or deoxygenated blood
what are the 4 structures of the heart
myocardium- general muscle of the heart
pericardium- serous sac that surrounds the heart and keeps it in place
epicardium- outer layer of the heart
endocardium- inner walls of the heart
what is the role of the pulmonary artery and vein
the artery takes deoxygenated blood towards the lungs from right atrium
the vein takes oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium
what is the role of the vena cava and aorta
the vena cava takes blood from the body towards the right atrium
the aorta takes blood from the left atrium and then around the entire body
what is the cycle of the entire heart
deoxygenated blood enters the heart through the superior vena cava and inferior vena cava, the blood enters the right atrium which then it goes into the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve. then from there the blood goes into the pulmonary artery through the pulmonary valve towards the lungs to become oxygenated. after the blood comes out of the lungs and is oxygenated it enters through the pulmonary vein into the left atrium. then the blood goes into the left ventricle through the mitral valve. after that it goes towards the aorta through the aortic valve leading the oxygenated blood around the rest of the body
what is LORD
left oxygenated, right deoxygenated
