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Bryant's Pharma > Circulatory Drugs > Flashcards

Circulatory Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Drugs used to lower lipids level

A

Antilipemic Drugs

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2
Q

Prevent resorption of bile acids from small intestine

A

Bile Acid Sequestrants

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3
Q

Side Effects: Bile Acid Sequestrants

A

a. Constipation
b. Heartburn

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4
Q

Examples: Bile Acid Sequestrants

A

a. Cholestyramine (Questran)
b. Colestipol hydrochloride (Colestid)
c. HMG-CoA Reductase Inhibitors (HMGs or statins)
d. 3-hydroxy-3 methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase

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5
Q

HMG - COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS ( HMGS OR STATINS )

A

a. Inhibits HMG - COA reductase
which is used by the liver to produce cholesterol
b. Lower the rate of cholesterol production

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6
Q

Side Effects: HMG - COA REDUCTASE INHIBITORS ( HMGS OR STATINS )

A

a. Mild, transient GI disturbances
b. Hepatotoxicity

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7
Q

Reductase Inhibitors: (HMGs or statins)

A

Statin drugs are for a lifetime commitment

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8
Q

Examples:

A

a. Lovastatin ( mevacor )
b. Pravastatin ( pravachol )
c. Simvastatin ( zocor )
d. Atorvastatin ( lipitor )
e. Cerivastatin ( baycol )
f. Fluvastatin ( lescol )
g. Most potent LDL reducers

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9
Q

Believed to work by activating lipase, which breaks down cholesterol

A

Fibric Acid Derivatives

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10
Q

Side Effects: Fibric Acid Derivatives

A

a. Abdominal discomfort
b. Diarrhea
c. Nausea

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11
Q

Examples: Fibric Acid Derivatives

A

a. Clofibrate
b. Gemfibrozil (Lopid)
c. Fenofibrate ( Tricor )

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12
Q

Thought to increase activity of lipase, which breaks down lipids

A

Niacin (nicotinic acid)

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13
Q

Indications: Niacin

A

a. Effective in lowering triglyceride, total serum cholesterol, amd LDL levels

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14
Q

Side Effects: Niacin

A

a. FLushing (due to histamine release)
b. Pruritus
c. GI distress

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15
Q

Interventions: Niacin

A

To minimize side effects of niacin, start on low initial dose and gradually increase it and take with meals

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16
Q

Inhibits Clot Formation

A

Anticoagulants

17
Q

Side Effects : Heparin

A

Bleeding

18
Q

Anticoagulant Antidote for Heparin

A

Protamine Sulfate (IV)

19
Q

Inhibit thrombin from converting fibrinogen to fibrin

A

Direct Thrombin Inhibitors

20
Q

Example: Direct Thrombin Inhibitors

A

Desidurin (iprivask)

21
Q

Oral Anticoagulants: Warfarin

A

Inhibit hepatic synthesis of vitamin K thus affecting the clotting factors II, VII, IX, and X

22
Q

Side Effects: Warfarin

A

Bleeding

23
Q

Antidote for Warfarin

A

Vitamin K (Phytonadione)

24
Q

Indications: Warfarin

A

a. Thromboembolic conditions
b. Thrombophlebitis
c. Pulmonary embolism
d. Embolism formation/t atrial fibrillation

25
Q

​​Suppress platelet aggregation by blocking the binding of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to the platelet ADP receptor.

A

Antiplatelet

26
Q

Examples: Antiplatelets

A

a. clopidogrel (Plavix)
b. ticlopidine (Ticlid)
c. dipyridamole (Persantine)
d. aspirin

27
Q

Prevents ‘TRANSIENT ISCHEMIC ATTACK‘

A

Antiplatelet

28
Q

Promote the fibrinolytic mechanism to prevent blood clot

A

Thrombolytics

29
Q

Indications: Thrombolytics

A

a. Pulmonary embolism
b. DVT
c. Noncoronary arterial occlusion
d. Thrombotic stroke

30
Q

Examples: Thrombolytics

A

a. Alteplase (t-PA)
b. Streptokinase
c. Urokinase
d. Reteplase
e. Tenecteplase
f. Thrombolytics

31
Q

Adverse Effect: Thrombolytics

A

a. Anaphylaxis when using streptokinase
b. Hemorrhage
c. Vascular collapse (streptokinase)
d. Reperfusion dysrhythmia

32
Q

Treat peripheral vascular disease by increasing blood flow to the extremities

A

Vasodilators

33
Q

Antidote for Thrombolytics

A

aminocaproic acid (Amicar)

34
Q

Increase circulation due to peripheral vascular disease

A

Isoxsuprine HCL ( vasodilan )

35
Q

Isoxsuprine HCL (vasodilan)

A

a. Short half life
b. Pregnancy Category C

36
Q

Side Effects: Isoxsuprine HCL (vasodilan)

A

a. Nausea and Vomiting
b. Rash, flushing, abominable distention
c. Hypotension
d. Tachycardia

37
Q

Desired therapeutic effect of Isoxsuprine HCL (vasodilan)

A

May take 1.5 to 3 months

38
Q

Other Examples: Vasodilators

A

a. Tolazoline HCL
b. Papaverin
c. Prazosin
d. Ergoloid mesylates
e. Nicotinyl alcohol

Bryant's Pharma (5 decks)

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