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Bryant's Pharma > Cardiac Glycosides, Antianginals and Antidysrhythmics > Flashcards

Cardiac Glycosides, Antianginals and Antidysrhythmics Flashcards

1
Q

Inhibit the Na-K pump and increasing intracellular calcium

A

Glycosides

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2
Q

Increase myocardial contraction

A

Positive inotropic contraction

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3
Q

Negative chronotropic contraction

A

Decreased heart rate

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4
Q

Example : Digoxin

A

Increasing the strength of heart muscle contractions and controlling irregular heart rhythms

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5
Q

Contraindicated for

A

Ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation

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6
Q

Normal Therapeutic level: Digoxin

A

0.5 - 2ng / ml

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7
Q

Side effects : Digoxin

A

a. Weakness
b. Drowsiness

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8
Q

Digitalis toxicity

A

a. anorexia
b. bradycardia

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9
Q

Antidote for digitalis toxicity

A

immune Fab (ovine, digibind)

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10
Q

Half life of digoxin and digitoxin

A

a. 36 hours
b. 4-9 hours

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11
Q

What to monitor for Digoxin

A

Pulse

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12
Q

2nd class of drugs that act as cardiotonic agents (inotropic)

A

Phosphodiesterase inhibitor

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13
Q

Milrinone

A

Only drug available as phosphodiesterase inhibitor

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14
Q

short term treatment of HF

A

Milrinone

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15
Q

Contraindication : Milrinone

A

Allergy to drugs

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16
Q

Adverse Effects: Milrinone

A

Ventricular arrhythmias

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17
Q

avoid milrinone with furosemide since it causes

A

precipitation

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18
Q

For patient who is suffering from angina pectoris

A

Antianginal agents

19
Q

Nitrates

A

Cause vasodilation due to relaxation of smooth muscles and help in treatment and management of angina

20
Q

Examples: Nitrates

A

a. Nitroglycerin (Nitrobid, Nitrostat)
b. Isosorbide dinitrate
c. Isosorbide mononitrate

21
Q

Side Effects: Nitrates

A

a. Headache
b. weakness
c. dizziness

22
Q

a. Block beta adrenergic receptors;
b. Decreases the HR;
c. Resulting: decreased myocardial oxygen demand

A

Beta blockers

23
Q

Indications : Nitrates

A

Antianginal

24
Q

Side Effects: Beta blockers

A

a. Dizziness
b. Fatigue
c. Mental depression

25
Q

Blocks the binding of calcium to its receptors and decreased myocardial oxygen demand

A

Calcium channel blockers

26
Q

Indications: Calcium Channel Blocker

A

First in line agent for treatment of angina

27
Q

Side Effects: Calcium Channel Blockers

A

a. Dizziness
b. Lightheadedness
c. Headache
d. Hypotension

28
Q

Examples: Calcium channel blockers

A

a. Verapamil (calan)
b. Diltiazem
c. Nifedipine

29
Q

Intervention: Beta Blockers

A

Monitor pulse rate daily and report any rate lower than 60 beats per minute

30
Q

Affect the action potentials of cardiac cells by altering their automaticity conductivity or both

A

antiarrhytmic AGENTS

31
Q

Hypersensitivity: Antiarrhytmic

A

a.Nausea
b. Blurred Vision

32
Q

Class for Fast sodium channel blockers

A

CLASS I

33
Q

Example: CLASS 1

A

Moricizine

34
Q

MOA: delay repolarization and block sodium channels

A

CLASS 1A

35
Q

Examples: Class 1A

A

a. Quinidine
b. procainamide
c. disopyramide

36
Q

MOA: Block sodium channels
and accelerate repolarization

A

CLASS 1B

36
Q

Examples: Class 1b

A

a. Tocainide
b. mexiletine
c. phenytoin
d. lidocaine

37
Q

MOA: Depress phase 4 depolarization, reduce or block symphathetic nervous system stimulation, reduce transmission of impulses in the heart’s conduction system and are beta blockers

A

CLASS II

37
Q

Examples: CLASS II

A

a. atenolol
b. esmolol
c. petaprolol
d. propranolol

38
Q

MOA: prolong repolarization in phase 3

A

Class III

39
Q

Examples: Class III

A

a. Amiodarone
b. bretylium
c. sotalol
d. ibutilide

40
Q

Examples: Class IV

A

a. Verapamil
b. diltiazem

40
Q

MOA: depress phase 4 depolarization

A

Class IV

41
Q

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Antiarrhytmics

A

a. Diarrhea
b. Headache

Bryant's Pharma (5 decks)

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