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Bio 12 > Circulation > Flashcards

Circulation Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is the largest artery

A

Aorta

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2
Q

What returns tissue fluid to the circulatory system

A

Lymphatic system

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3
Q

what prevents blood flowing in the wrong direction

A

Valves

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4
Q

What vessel transports blood through the kidneys

A

renal

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5
Q

what vessel transports blood through the legs

A

iliac

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6
Q

localized swelling due to excess tissue fluid

A

edema

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7
Q

what supplies blood to the heart

A

coronary arteries

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8
Q

what is the highest arterial pressure called

A

systolic blood pressure

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9
Q

what is the lowest arterial pressure called

A

diastolic blood pressure

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10
Q

what is the conditionof high blood pressure

A

hypertension

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11
Q

what is hardening of the arteries called

A

atherosclorosis

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12
Q

what is a stationary clot in an arterial wall

A

thrombus

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13
Q

what is a dislodged, moving thrombus

A

embolism

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14
Q

when a portion of the brain dies due to lack of oxygen

A

stroke

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15
Q

chest pain (including pain in left arm) is:

A

angina pectoris

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16
Q

this occurs when circulation of part of the heart is blocked

A

heart attack

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17
Q

the major systemic artery in the body is the”

A

Aorta

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18
Q

the system begins with the ___ and ends with the ____

A

left ventrical, right atrium

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19
Q

contraction of the heart is called

A

heart beat

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20
Q

following the contraction of the heart beat, blood pressure is at its:

A

highest

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21
Q

what is often reffered to as the pacemaker

A

sinoatrial node (SA)

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22
Q

From away to towards the heart, label the blood vessels

A

Arteries
arterioles
capillary beds
venules
veins

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23
Q

movement of blood in the vessel is aided by ___ muscle contraction

A

smooth

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24
Q

capillaries are tiny vessels with _____ walls

A

thin

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25
Q

the lymph vessels begin in the tissues and eventually join the _____

A

subclavian veins

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26
Q

2 dietary components that may contribute ti the medical condition hypertension are:

A

salt and cholesterol

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27
Q

what is a stroke

A

when brain cells are denied oxygen`

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28
Q

which blood vessel has the thickest walls

A

artery

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29
Q

which blood vessel has valves

A

veins

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30
Q

which blood vessel has the greatest total cross sectional area

A

capillaries

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31
Q

which blood vessel takes blood away from the heart

A

artery

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32
Q

which blood vessel takes blood to the heart

A

veins

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33
Q

which blood vessel exchanges CO2 and O2 at the tissues

A

capillaries

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34
Q

what is a heartbeat

A

sinoatrial node initiates contraction of the atri, the nervous stimulus is picked up by the atrioventricular node and this initiates contraction of the ventricals.

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35
Q

contraction of chambers is called

A

systole

36
Q

relaxation of chamber is called

A

diastole

37
Q

when atria contracts, this forces blood through the ____ into the ____

A

atrioventricular valves
ventricals

38
Q

Walls of the capillary tubes are how many cell layer thick

A

1

39
Q

which ventrical of the heart pumps blood to the lungs

A

right

40
Q

the left ventrical of the heart pumps blood to

A

the rest of the body

41
Q

the left and right side of the heart are divided by the

A

septum

42
Q

each side has 2 chambers

A
43
Q

the smaller chambers of the heart located on the top are called

A

the atrium

44
Q

valves between the atria and ventricals are

A

atrioventricular valves

45
Q

what do atrioventricular valves do

A

prevent the backflow of blood

46
Q

valve between the right atrium and ventrical is

A

tricuspid valve

47
Q

where is the bicuspid valve located

A

between the left atrium and ventrical

48
Q

Chordae tendinae are

A

fibrous strings that support the valves and prevent them from inverting

49
Q

each ventrical has a ______valve

A

semilunar

50
Q

blood flows thru the _____ on its way out of the heart

A

semilunar valve

51
Q

low in oxygen blood flows enter in the ____ thru the _______ then the ______

A

right atrium
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava

52
Q

the right atrium contracts forcuing blood thru the ______ and into the ______

A

trucispid valve
right ventrical

53
Q

the right ventrical contracts sending blood thru the _________ and into the ______

A

pulminary semiluar valve
pulminary trunk

54
Q

pulminary trunk divides into the _____ which take deoxyginated blood to the _____

A

pulminary arteries
lungs

55
Q

what happens to the blood at the lungs

A

CO2 diffuses out of it and O2 enters

56
Q

oxygenated blood from the lungs goes into the _____ which take the blood to the _____

A

Pulminary veins
left atrium

57
Q

where are the pulminary veins located

A

lungs

58
Q

the left atrium contracts forcing blood thru the ______ into the _____

A

bicuspid valve
left ventrical

59
Q

the left ventrical contacts forcing blood thru the ______ into the ______

A

aortic semilunar valve
aorta

60
Q

what does the aorta do

A

divides into smaller arteries that move oxygenated blood to the bodily tissues

61
Q

the heartbeat occues about ____ times permin

A

70

62
Q

what happens when the heart valves have a problem closing

A

heart murmurs

63
Q

what controls the heartbeat

A

the nodes

64
Q

what does the sinoatrial node do

A

send out signal to make atria contract

65
Q

what are the 2 nodes

A

atrioventricular node
sinoatrial node

66
Q

what does the AV node do

A

when it receives signal from SA node, it AV node sends signal to purjunkie fibers

67
Q

what do the purjunkie fibers do

A

take message from AV node to ventricals causing them to contract in the right direction

68
Q

where is the SA node locates

A

upper back wall of right atrium

69
Q

where is the AV node loacted

A

base of right atrium

70
Q

what are the 2 circuts of the cardiovascular system

A

pulminary-lungs
systemic-tissues

71
Q

vein that collects blood from the head chest and arms

A

superior vena cava

72
Q

vein that collects blood from the lower body regions and legs

A

inferior vena cava

73
Q

what is the blood path to the kidneys

A

left ventrical
aorta
renal artery
renal arterioles
capillaries
renal veins
inferior vena cava
r atrium

74
Q

where do coronary veins empty to

A

the right atrium

75
Q

what is a heart attack

A

when a portion of the heart dies due to lack of oxygen

76
Q

where is the subclavian artery and vein located

A

around clavical

77
Q

where is the carotid artery located

A

neck

78
Q

where is the hepatic vein

A

connects from liver to inferior vena cava

79
Q

where is the the renal artery and vein

A

connects to kidneys

80
Q

what do the coronary arteries and veins do

A

supplies blood to the heart muscle

81
Q

where are the jugular veins located+ function

A

neck
takes blood from neck

82
Q

what does the pulmonary artery do

A

carries oxygenated blood to the left atrium

83
Q

iliac artery carries blood from the ___ to the ___

A

aorta
legs

84
Q

what is the definition of a pulse

A

the expanding and relaxation of an arterial wall

85
Q

what is the definition of blood pressure

A

the pressure of blood against the wall of the vessel created by the pumping action from the heart

86
Q

lower blood pressure than usual is called:

A

hypotension

87
Q

what does a vasodilator do

A

prevent arteries from constricting

Bio 12 (12 decks)

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