Circulation Flashcards
What is the largest artery
Aorta
What returns tissue fluid to the circulatory system
Lymphatic system
what prevents blood flowing in the wrong direction
Valves
What vessel transports blood through the kidneys
renal
what vessel transports blood through the legs
iliac
localized swelling due to excess tissue fluid
edema
what supplies blood to the heart
coronary arteries
what is the highest arterial pressure called
systolic blood pressure
what is the lowest arterial pressure called
diastolic blood pressure
what is the conditionof high blood pressure
hypertension
what is hardening of the arteries called
atherosclorosis
what is a stationary clot in an arterial wall
thrombus
what is a dislodged, moving thrombus
embolism
when a portion of the brain dies due to lack of oxygen
stroke
chest pain (including pain in left arm) is:
angina pectoris
this occurs when circulation of part of the heart is blocked
heart attack
the major systemic artery in the body is the”
Aorta
the system begins with the ___ and ends with the ____
left ventrical, right atrium
contraction of the heart is called
heart beat
following the contraction of the heart beat, blood pressure is at its:
highest
what is often reffered to as the pacemaker
sinoatrial node (SA)
From away to towards the heart, label the blood vessels
Arteries
arterioles
capillary beds
venules
veins
movement of blood in the vessel is aided by ___ muscle contraction
smooth
capillaries are tiny vessels with _____ walls
thin
the lymph vessels begin in the tissues and eventually join the _____
subclavian veins
2 dietary components that may contribute ti the medical condition hypertension are:
salt and cholesterol
what is a stroke
when brain cells are denied oxygen`
which blood vessel has the thickest walls
artery
which blood vessel has valves
veins
which blood vessel has the greatest total cross sectional area
capillaries
which blood vessel takes blood away from the heart
artery
which blood vessel takes blood to the heart
veins
which blood vessel exchanges CO2 and O2 at the tissues
capillaries
what is a heartbeat
sinoatrial node initiates contraction of the atri, the nervous stimulus is picked up by the atrioventricular node and this initiates contraction of the ventricals.
contraction of chambers is called
systole
relaxation of chamber is called
diastole
when atria contracts, this forces blood through the ____ into the ____
atrioventricular valves
ventricals
Walls of the capillary tubes are how many cell layer thick
1
which ventrical of the heart pumps blood to the lungs
right
the left ventrical of the heart pumps blood to
the rest of the body
the left and right side of the heart are divided by the
septum
each side has 2 chambers
the smaller chambers of the heart located on the top are called
the atrium
valves between the atria and ventricals are
atrioventricular valves
what do atrioventricular valves do
prevent the backflow of blood
valve between the right atrium and ventrical is
tricuspid valve
where is the bicuspid valve located
between the left atrium and ventrical
Chordae tendinae are
fibrous strings that support the valves and prevent them from inverting
each ventrical has a ______valve
semilunar
blood flows thru the _____ on its way out of the heart
semilunar valve
low in oxygen blood flows enter in the ____ thru the _______ then the ______
right atrium
superior vena cava
inferior vena cava
the right atrium contracts forcuing blood thru the ______ and into the ______
trucispid valve
right ventrical
the right ventrical contracts sending blood thru the _________ and into the ______
pulminary semiluar valve
pulminary trunk
pulminary trunk divides into the _____ which take deoxyginated blood to the _____
pulminary arteries
lungs
what happens to the blood at the lungs
CO2 diffuses out of it and O2 enters
oxygenated blood from the lungs goes into the _____ which take the blood to the _____
Pulminary veins
left atrium
where are the pulminary veins located
lungs
the left atrium contracts forcing blood thru the ______ into the _____
bicuspid valve
left ventrical
the left ventrical contacts forcing blood thru the ______ into the ______
aortic semilunar valve
aorta
what does the aorta do
divides into smaller arteries that move oxygenated blood to the bodily tissues
the heartbeat occues about ____ times permin
70
what happens when the heart valves have a problem closing
heart murmurs
what controls the heartbeat
the nodes
what does the sinoatrial node do
send out signal to make atria contract
what are the 2 nodes
atrioventricular node
sinoatrial node
what does the AV node do
when it receives signal from SA node, it AV node sends signal to purjunkie fibers
what do the purjunkie fibers do
take message from AV node to ventricals causing them to contract in the right direction
where is the SA node locates
upper back wall of right atrium
where is the AV node loacted
base of right atrium
what are the 2 circuts of the cardiovascular system
pulminary-lungs
systemic-tissues
vein that collects blood from the head chest and arms
superior vena cava
vein that collects blood from the lower body regions and legs
inferior vena cava
what is the blood path to the kidneys
left ventrical
aorta
renal artery
renal arterioles
capillaries
renal veins
inferior vena cava
r atrium
where do coronary veins empty to
the right atrium
what is a heart attack
when a portion of the heart dies due to lack of oxygen
where is the subclavian artery and vein located
around clavical
where is the carotid artery located
neck
where is the hepatic vein
connects from liver to inferior vena cava
where is the the renal artery and vein
connects to kidneys
what do the coronary arteries and veins do
supplies blood to the heart muscle
where are the jugular veins located+ function
neck
takes blood from neck
what does the pulmonary artery do
carries oxygenated blood to the left atrium
iliac artery carries blood from the ___ to the ___
aorta
legs
what is the definition of a pulse
the expanding and relaxation of an arterial wall
what is the definition of blood pressure
the pressure of blood against the wall of the vessel created by the pumping action from the heart
lower blood pressure than usual is called:
hypotension
what does a vasodilator do
prevent arteries from constricting
