Biotechnology Flashcards
define rDNA
DNA from one species is inserted into another species
What is a clone
A genetically identical organism
What is the technique used to make large amounts of DNA
PCR (polymerase chain reaction)
What is a transgenic organism
a genetically engineered organism that was changed to benefit the organism or someone else
what is gene farming
it is the use of transgenic farm animals to produce pharmaceutical drugs
What is gene therapy
The practice of replacing faulty genes in a human with working ones
What does ex vivo mean
it means genetically modifying a gene by taking it out of the body, changing it, then putting it back in
What does In vivo mean
it means introducing new genes right into the patients body
How do you make rDNA
A human gene (such as insulin) is inserted into the plasmid and then the plasmid is taken up by bacteria. The bacteria reproduces the plasmid along with its own DNA when it reproduces, and translates the human gene, producing human protein.
What is a vector
transmitting an infectious agent from an infected animal to a human or another animal. (humans require a retrovirus as the vector)
What structure is a plasmid
circle
what is a plasmid
a small circular DNA molecule found in bacteria and some other microscopic organisms
