Circulation 1 Flashcards
why do animals need circulatory system?
- structural support
- filtration
- gas transport
- O2 cascade
- activity increases tissue O2 needs
providing structural support
- fluid is PRESSURIZED, and essential for invertebrate movement
- essential for erections in mammals
filtration
fluid pressure allows it to be filtrated through kidney to remove waste
-also allows for interstitial fluid that bathes vertebrate cells via the lymphatic circulation
movement of gases through diffusion vs convection
diffusion: works for distances up to 1mm, movement is random or follows gradient, and time for diffusion is proportional to distance^2
- required convection, the collective movement of molecules in a fluid via energy to propel the fluid in larger organisms, such as a pump
O2 cascade in multicellular animals
O2 moves from envrion to resp organ via convection, into circulatory system via diffusion, through that system with convection of pump in tubes, and then diffused into tissues (where adp is converted into atp)
Fick Equation
MO2=q(CaO2-CvO2)
- Q=cardiac output, CaO2=Arterial O2 blood concentraion, CvO2=venous o2 blood
- Q increases with exercise intensity, arterial O2 conc stays the same, and venous DECREASES
what in fick equation would change at diff altitude. What would change with anemia?
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1st componenet of circ system: heart
- generates fluid pressure to create flow into and through vessels
- ATP is used to generate muscle tension that is converted to blood pressure, which is converted into circulatory flow
- ATP>potential energy (blood pressure)>kinetic energy/blood velocity
three different solutions for a heart
- skeletal muscle compresses vessels (oneway valves necessary for directing blood flow)
- cardiac muscle compresses a chamber (also with a oneway valve)
- Vascular smooth muscle generates a PERISTALTIC WAVE in vessel through contractions (no valves needed)
2nd component: vascular tubes
- aka blood vessels and vasculature
- distributes fluid where needed
- CONTROLS FLUID PRESSURE
- controls fluid exchange (diffusion @ high SA; filtration where permeable)
- store fluid (lymph)
3rd component: fluid
heemolymph=invertebrates, blood=vertebrates
- transport dissolved or bound CO2 and O2 in rbc
- transport dissolved/bound nutrients, from gut to liver and tissues, was to kidneys, hormones between organs
- immune defense system, WBC, coagulation
malaria?
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hypoxia?
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plasma
55% of blood, made of water, ions, proteins, lipids
how does ohm’s law relate to capilano reservoir?
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