Circovirus Flashcards
Circovirus General Characteristics
ssDNA,, Icosahedral, no envelope, replicated in rapidly dividing cells, stenoxen, long life immunity, highly resistant
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Most susceptible
1.5-4mo piglets
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Target Organs
- Lung, thymus, spleen, BM, liver, kidney, heart, brain
- Dividing cells: Macrophages, APCs, Epithelium
- Fetus: thymus&heart
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Clinical Signs
- Sudden death
- Progressive weight loss
- Non-specific CS
- Enteric&respiratory signs
- Aneamia
- CNS signs
- Jaundice , rough hair
- Subclinical infection: dec. CD8+ ->recovery
- PMWS: Lymphoid depletion, thymus atrophy, hepatitis, entreitis, pneumonia
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Pathology & Histopathology
- LNs: elnarged, hemorrhagic iguinal&mestenteric
- Lungs: intestitial edema, pneumonia
- General bad condition of carcass
- White foci in kidney
- Gastric ulcers
- Hepatomagaly/atrophy, Jaundice, ascites
- Strawberry heart with flaccid myocardium
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Diagnosis
CS, PM, ELISA, PCR, IF
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Treatment
No effective treatment!
Ab
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Prevention & Immunity
- Inactivated/recombinant vaccine (capsid protein)
- No live vaccine!
- Sow: protects from reproductional disorders, gives enough protection to piglets
- Piglets:after weaning
*Colostral Ab: 4-12w
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Pathogenesis
Oronasal -> replicates in monocytes in nasal mucosa >lung->thymus, spleen-> BM, liver, kidney heart, brain
PDNS: Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome
Most susceptible
30-100kg pigs
>1.5mo
*wild boars,ru, rodents are reservoirs
PDNS: Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome
Occurence
Sporadic
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Occurence
- Epidemic in Europe and Asia
* Sporadic in North America
PMWS: Post-weaning Multi-systemic Wasting Syndrome
Spread
Oral/nasal/sexual
Contact with sick animal, respiratory secertions, saliva, urine, feces, sperm
PDNS: Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome
Spread
Oral/nasal/sexual
Contact with sick animal, respiratory secertions, saliva, urine, feces, sperm
PDNS: Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome
Pathogenesis
Not fully understood
*Type III hypersensitivity -Immunocomplex deposition in skin, kidney, BV
PDNS: Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome
Clinical signs
- Progressive weight loss
- Multifocal, circular red skin lesion->darken->scar
- Hemorrhages throughout the body
PDNS: Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome
Pathology
- Hemorrhagic enlarged grayish kidneys.
- Thrombosis, systemic narcotizing vasculitis
- Exudative glomerulonephritis
- Bronchopneumonia
PDNS: Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome
Diagnosis
CS, PM, ELISA, PCR, IF
PDNS: Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome
Treatment
No effective treatment
Ab
PDNS: Porcine Dermatitis Nephropathy Syndrome
Prevention & Immunity
- Inactivated/recombinant vaccine (capsid protein)
- No live vaccine!
- Sow: protects from reproductional disorders, gives enough protection to piglets
- Piglets: after weaning
PRDC: Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
Most susceptible
4-7mo
PRDC: Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
Clinical Signs
*Slow growth
*Decreased feed conversion
*Fever, Lethargy
*Respiratory symptoms
(coughing, heavy breathing)
PRDC: Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
Pathology & Histopathology
Interstitial Bronchopneumonia
Peribronchial fibrosis
PRDC: Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
Diagnosis
CS, PM, ELISA, PCR, IF
PRDC: Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
Treatment
No effective treatment!
PRDC: Porcine Respiratory Disease Complex
Prevention & Immunity
- Inactivated/recombinant vaccine (capsid protein)
- No live vaccine!
- Sow: protects from reproductional disorders, gives enough protection to piglets
- Piglets: after weaning
PRF: Porcine Reproductive Failure
Most susceptible
Pregnant sows
PRF: Porcine Reproductive Failure
Target organs
Placental Crossing!
*Targets foetal myocardium, liver and macrophages
PRF: Porcine Reproductive Failure
Clinical Signs
<70d: SMEDI
>70d: reproductive disorders, enlarged heart of fetus, abortion
PRF: Porcine Reproductive Failure
Pathology
Foetal myocardiatis
Extensive fibrosis in the heart of foetus
PGE: Porcine Granulomatous Enteritis
Most susceptible
1.5-2mo piglets
PGE: Porcine Granulomatous Enteritis
Clinical Signs
Diarrhoea (initially yellow, later dark)
PGE: Porcine Granulomatous Enteritis
Pathology
Microscopic granules in the intestines
PNL: Porcine Necrotising Lymphadenitis
Most susceptible
Piglets FROM weaning
PNL: Porcine Necrotising Lymphadenitis
Clinical Signs
Diarrhoea, Incoordination
PNL: Porcine Necrotising Lymphadenitis
Pathology
Folliculair lymphoid necrosis
PCT: Porcine Congenital Tremor
Most susceptible
Piglets UNTIL weaning
PCT: Porcine Congenital Tremor
Clinical Signs
Shaking, Phtisis
PCT: Porcine Congenital Tremor
Pathology
Demyelination
PEE: Porcine Exudative Epidermitis
Most susceptible
5-35do piglets
PEE: Porcine Exudative Epidermitis
Clinical Signs
Epidermitis
PEE: Porcine Exudative Epidermitis
Pathology
Pyoderma
Acute Haemorrhagic Diarrhoea
Clinical Signs
Vomiting, Diarrhoea, Lethargy, Vasculitis,
Thrombocytopaenia
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Most susceptible
Psittacine Birds (Also Goose, Duck, Pigeon, Ostrich, Canary)
< 3yo
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Occurrence
Australia-> worldwide
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Spread
Contact with infected animal. feces, fomites, respiratory secretions
- infected feather follicle
- vertical via egg/sperm
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Pathogenesis
PO->intestine(respiratory)->viraemia-> all organs
Lymphoid organs especially
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Primary Replication
Intestine
Incubation: 7-10d
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Target Organs
All organs
*Lymphoid organs: *BM, Thymus, Bursa fabricii -> immunosupression
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Clinical Signs
< 3wo: Anaemia-Dermatitis Syndrome (anorexia, retarded growth and death),
* dec. productivity, secondary infection
*Secondary bacterial infection
>3wo: no disease/mild immunosuppression
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Pathology & Histopathology
- Haemorrhages in gizzard and proventriculus
- Atrophy of the thymus and Bursa Fabricii
- Pale haemorrhagic tissues
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Diagnosis
CS, PM, lymphoid cultures, PCR
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Treatment
No effective treatment!
Ab
Psittacine Beak and Feather Disease (PBFD)
Prevention and Immunity
Vaccine (live, attenuated) before laying period -> maternal immunity
