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Adenovirus Flashcards

1
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Species Affected

A

Canidae & Ursidae (bears)

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2
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Most susceptible

A

3-6mo

>1yo - mild, subclinical

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3
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Spread

A

Secretions, faeces and saliva

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4
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Pathogenesis

A

PO/Conjuctiva-> tonsils, payer’s patches-> Ln->viraemia (lymphoid cells) -> Liver(hepatitis), Brain (encephalitis), Kidneys(glomerulonephritis), Eyes(uvietis), Endothelium damage, DIC

  • Type III hypersensitivity
  • Long-term carriage in kidneys
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5
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Primary Replication

A
  • Tonsils, Peyer’s Patches

* Incubation: 1-5 days

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6
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Target Organs

A

Vascular Epithelium->Haemorrhages

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7
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Clinical Signs

A

*Sudden death, fever, icterus, bloody diarrhea, mucosal haemorrhages, coagulation problems, seizures

  1. Peracute: Death within 1-2 days, non-specific clinical signs
  2. Acute : Fever over 40℃ for 3-5 days (may look like poisoning)
  3. Chronic: 1-2 weeks, oedema, convulsions, Uveitis (Blue eye
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8
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • Gall bladder oedema
  • Nuclear inclusion bodies (Cowdry A)
  • Hepatomegaly, hemorrhages, edema, yellowish
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9
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Diagnosis

A
  • Seropositivity can be due to immunization
  • Leukopenia
  • Elevated liver enzymes
  • Prolonged clotting time
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10
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Treatment

A 
Symptomatic Treatment:
• I.V. hydration
• Glucose
• Liver protective drugs
*Hyperimmune serum (in early)
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11
Q 
Canine Adenovirus-1 (CAdV-1) 
Rubarth Disease
Canine Infectious
Hepatitis 
Fox Encephalitis

Prevention & Immunity

A
  • Maternal immunity protects up to 3mo
  • cross protection with CDV-2
  • Inactivated CAD-1 vaccine
  • Attenuated CAdV-2 vaccine
  • 2-3mo, then yearly
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12
Q

Adenovirus

General Characteristics

A
  • dsDNA , Icosahedral , no envelope
  • Oncogene
  • Strong antigenicity - lifelong immunity
  • Highly resistant
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13
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Spread

A

Airborne, highly contagious

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14
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Pathogenesis

A

Inhalation —> Upper respiratory tract mucosa —> Rhinitis, Laryngitis, Tracheo-bronchitis, Bronchilitis

  • Usually no viraemia!
  • Shed in respiratory secretions
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15
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Primary Replication

A

Upper Respiratory Tract Mucosa

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16
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Clinical Signs

A
  • Alone, rarely cause clinical signs!

* Kennel Cough Syndrome in co-infection: Mild fever, nasal discharge, dry coughing, bronchopneumonia

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17
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Diagnosis

A

History, CS, virus isolation, serology

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18
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Treatment

A

Supportive treatment

  • Respiratory support
  • Ab
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19
Q

Canine Adenovirus-2 (CAdV-2)
Canine Infectious Laryngotracheitis

Prevention & Immunity

A
  • Avoid crowding

* Polyvalent vaccine from 2-3mo

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20
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Most susceptible

A

1-4 mo calf

overcrowding!

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21
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Spread

A

Faeces, respiratory discharges

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22
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Pathogenesis

A

PO/inhalational-> tonsils-> viraemia->respiratory& enteric mucosa
*Mild disease
*Co-infection:
BVD, IBR, PI-3, pasaturella

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23
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Target Organs

A

Respiratory & enteric mucosa

Mastadenovirus - replicates in kidneys
Atadenovirus - replicatesin testis

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24
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Clinical Signs

A
  • Alone - rarely induce any CS
  • In crowded conditions
  • Mild fever, nasal discharge and dry cough
  • Co-infection: Bronchopneumonia
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25
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Diagnosis

A

History, CS, serolgy

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26
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Prevention & Immunity

A

Avoid crowding

Polyvalent vaccine 2-3mo

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27
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Most susceptible

A
  • 3-4 wo lambs
  • First Parity ewes
  • crowded fattening farms
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28
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Spread

A

Faeces, respiratory discharges

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29
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Pathogenesis

A

PO/inhalational-> tonsils-> viraemia-> respiratory& enteric mucosa

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30
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Primary Replication

A

Tonsils

Incubation: 1-7d

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31
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Target Organs

A

Respiratory & enteric mucosa

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32
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Clinical Signs

A
  • Mainly respiratory signs
  • Urolithiasis in ram
  • Haemorrhagic enteritic in OAdV-4
  • co-infection
  • Adults are usually asymptomatic
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33
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • Intralobular interstitial pneumonia
  • Enteritis, osmotic diarrhea
  • Kidney tubular epithelial necrosis
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34
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Diagnosis

A

PCR
Serology
Virus isolation

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35
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Treatment

A

Symptomatic treatment

Ab

36
Q

Sheep Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Prevention & Immunity

A

No vaccine!

Closed farming

37
Q

Bovine Adenoviral Pneumoenteritis

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • intralobular interstitial pneumonia
  • Enteritis, osmotic diarrhea
  • Kidney tubular epithelial necrosis
38
Q

Equine AdenovirusDisease

Most susceptible

39
Q

Equine AdenovirusDisease

Spread

A

PO / Airborne

40
Q

Equine AdenovirusDisease

Clinical Signs

A
  • Subclinical/mild respiratory disease: fever, coughing, nasal discharge
  • Secondary bacterial infection
  • Severe in immunocompromised animals
41
Q

Equine Adenovirus Disease

Diagnosis

A

Virus Isolation
PCR
Serology

42
Q

Equine Adenovirus Disease

Treatment

A

Usually not necessary

Self limitng infections!

43
Q

Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis

Species Affected

A

Broiler Chicken, Turkey, Pigeon, Goose

44
Q

Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis

Most susceptible

45
Q

Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis

Spread

A
  • Direct contact & fomites

* Vertical transmission

46
Q

Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis

Pathogenesis

A

Germinative/PO —> Viraemia —> Gut, Liver, Kidneys —> Trachea

47
Q

Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis

Clinical Signs

A

*Frequently subclinical
*Dec. egg production
*Respiratory signs
*Hepatitis
*Tendosynovitis with reovirus
+ Anaemia&diarrhea
10% mortality (3-5d)

48
Q

Chicken Inclusion Body Hepatitis

Diagnosis

49
Q

Hepatitis - Hydropericardium Syndrome

Species affected

50
Q

Hepatitis - Hydropericardium Syndrome

Most susceptible age

A

10-24do geese

51
Q

Hepatitis - Hydropericardium Syndrome

Spread

A
  • Direct contact & fomites

* Vertical transmission

52
Q

Hepatitis - HydropericardiumSyndrome

Pathogenesis

A

Germinative/PO —> Viraemia —> Gut, Liver, Kidneys —> Trachea

53
Q

Hepatitis - Hydropericardium Syndrome

Clinical Signs

A
  • Frequently subclinical
  • Dec. egg production
  • Respiratory signs
  • Hepatitis
  • Tendosynovitis with reovirus

+ sitting for 5-6 hours, weakening
<6% mortality

54
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Most Susceptible Species

55
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Most Susceptible age

56
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Spread

A

Direct contact

57
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Pathogenesis

A

PO/Cloaca —> Enterocytes —> Viraemia-> Respirstory& enteric mucosa

58
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Pathology

A
  • Blood Vessel Damage

* Haemorrhages in spleen, liver, kidneys and lungs

59
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Primary Replication

A

Enterocytes

60
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Target Organs

A

Blood Vessel Wall, Spleen

61
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Clinical Signs

A

3 forms:

  1. Subclinical
  2. Mild
  3. Sudden death
    * Co-infection may occur
62
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • Anaemia
  • Enteritis
  • Enlarged mottled spleen
  • Haemorrhages&fluid in body cavities
63
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Diagnosis

A

Virus isolation
PCR
ELISA

64
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Treatment

A

Convalescent serum

Ab

65
Q

Turkey Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Prevention & Immunity

A

Attenuated vaccine

66
Q

Marble Spleen Disease

Species Affected

67
Q

Marble Spleen Disease

Most susceptible age

68
Q

Marble Spleen Disease

Target Organs

69
Q

Marble Spleen Disease

Clinical Signs

A

Atypical clinical signs, no bloody diarrhoea

70
Q

Marble Spleen Disease

Pathology & Histopathology

A

Enlarged, mottled spleen

71
Q

Chicken Splenomegaly

Most susceptible

A

Broiler Chicken

72
Q

Chicken Splenomegaly

Occurrence

73
Q

Chicken Splenomegaly

Target Organs

A

Liver, Spleen

74
Q

Chicken Splenomegaly

Pathology & Histopathology

A

Hyperplasia of liver and spleen

75
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Species Affected

A

Waterfowl, chicken, stork,quail, and duck

76
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Most susceptible

A

All ages of layers

77
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Occurrence

A

Worldwide
Might spread with
Marek’s Disease

78
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Spread

A
  • Quickly spread in contact with faeces

* Vertical transmission in egg/ on the shell

79
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Pathogenesis

A

PO/Germinative Infection —>Viraemia —> Oviduct & Intestinal Mucosa

Virus is shed with faeces

80
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Target Organs

A

Genital Tract & Intestinal Mucosa

81
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Clinical Signs

A
  • Oedema in genital tract
  • Increased motility of the oviduct
  • Usually in peak egg production: 3-7w
  • Diarrhea, soft shelled, deformed eggs
  • Death is rare!
  • No hatching during clinical signs and 2 weeks afterwards
82
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Pathology & Histopathology

A
  • Oedema in ovary,

* Oviduct inflammation, atrophy

83
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Diagnosis

A

CS
virus isolation
PCR

84
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Treatment

A

No effective treatment!

85
Q

Egg Drop Syndrome

Prevention & Immunity

A
  • Egg disinfection
  • Contact prevention
  • Inactivated vaccination before laying season

Epidemiology (16 decks)

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