Churchill and International diplomacy 1939-1951

Question 1

Lend Lease Act 1941

Answer 1

USA supplying war materials to GB if it was considered vital to the defence of the USA despite their continued neutrality. This was the first step away from a USA non-interventionism approach.

Question 2

June 1941

Answer 2

Germany declares war on the USSR

Question 3

Atlantic Charter August 1941

Answer 3

Agreements
- No territorial gains were sought
- Any territorial changes must accord with the wishes of the people in that country
- Democracy was the favoured government in all countries taken over
CHURCHILL was forced to compromise to lure Roosevelt into an alliance for the war

Question 4

December 1941

Answer 4

Japan attack Pearle Harbour and the USA join the war

Question 5

November 1943 - Tehran conference

Answer 5

Churchill became the junior partner after the failing in GB in North Africa, Singapore and Burma.
- Agreed on a second front in Northern France by 1944 simultaneously
- USSR control of Eastern Poland (polish corridor) agreed which juxtaposed the main reason for Churchill entering the war
- Soviet forces to support USA and GB against Japan at the End of WW2
- Churchill’s med campaign was sidelined and he had to abandon defence of Poland

Question 6

June 1944 - Operation Overlord

Answer 6

GB and USA open up the second front in Normandy. BUT USSR losses were still much higher than elsewhere so they remained the dominant power in the alliance.

Question 7

Moscow Conference - October 1944

Answer 7

Churchill and Stalin
- The Percentages agreement was signed %
- USSR would get 90% of Romania, 75% of Bulgaria
- GB would get 75% of Greece, 50% Yugoslavia and Hungary

CHURCHILL had appeased Stalin and ripped up the Atlantic Charter he had agreed with Roosevelt in 1941.

Question 8

Yalta Conference - February 1945

Answer 8

• Stalin’s influence in Poland confirmed despite the agreement of free elections there
• Stalin promised USSR support against Japan
• Post war agreement of Germany into 4 zones

Question 9

April 1945

Answer 9

Roosevelt dies

Question 10

May 1945

Answer 10

Germany surrenders

Question 11

July 1945

Answer 11

Great Britain general election - Churchill gets defeated - Labour win - Atlee becomes PM

Question 12

Potsdam Conference - August 1945

Answer 12

• Agreements of post war treatment of Germany
• USA and GB recognise the Soviet government in Poland
• Truman alerted Stalin to the powerful weapon that would be used against Japan - the atomic bomb- thus excluding the USSR from involvement in Japan