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Catholic Tradition > Church History - Test #1 > Flashcards

Church History - Test #1 Flashcards

0
Q

what is the bday of the Church?

A

Pentecost

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1
Q

history of Church is nearly 2000 yrs. of what?

A

Christ changing live - both now & for eternity

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2
Q

when is Pentecost?

A

50 days after Passover

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3
Q

who is a perfect example of transformation in Christ?

A

Peter (ex. he’s often clueless in Gospels but through the empowerment of the Holy Spirit he is a steadfast leader)

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4
Q

what is the Kerygma? (short answer)

A

“the preaching of the apostles”

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5
Q

what is the Kerygma? (long answer)

A
  • promise of scripture is fulfilled in Jesus
  • summation of Jesus’ ministry
  • recounting Jesus’ Crucifixion
  • proclaiming Resurrection
  • invitation to repent & be baptized
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6
Q

what is the project of the Church?

A

to continue the ministry of Jesus, advance the Kingdom of God, & to bring all to salvation

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7
Q

what is Lumen Gentium?

A

A Light to the Nations

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8
Q

what is the Church?

A

the people of God (not a building, institution, or club)

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9
Q

who is the Historical Jesus?

A
  • the man who was born in 1st century Palestine
  • became prophet of Kingdom of God
  • killed by Rome for His message
  • can be studied like you would learn about George Washington or Julius Caesar
  • Pre-Easter Jesus
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10
Q

who is the Christ of Faith?

A
  • the understanding of Jesus in light of the experience of the Resurrection
  • Post-Easter Jesus
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11
Q

what is the Kingdom of Heaven not?

A

Kingdom is not just heaven after we die

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12
Q

what did Jesus desire to do?

A

to enact the reign of God in this world

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13
Q

what did Jesus center his/our prayer around?

A

the Kingdom of God

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14
Q

what did Jesus believe in so much that he died for it?

A

the Kingdom of God

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15
Q

“define” the Kingdom

A
  • where the “little ones” (all those who were “not blessed”) are blessed
  • to give w/out expecting a return (feed hungry, clothe naked, visit sick, etc.)
  • resist evil w/ nonviolence
  • love. love. love.
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16
Q

how did Jesus want to enact the Kingdom?

A

Jesus wanted the Kingdom of God to overcome the Roman occupation of Palestine/Israel

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17
Q

where did Jesus lay out his plan for the Jews to gain their freedom?

A

in the Sermon on the Mount

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18
Q

what 3 things did Jesus say to do to start a nonviolent resistance?

A
  1. turn the other cheek
  2. give away your cloak
  3. walk the extra mile
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19
Q

what was the purpose of the left hand in Jesus’ day?

A

one purpose - unclean talks (replaced toilet paper)

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20
Q

what cheek did you hit someone on if they were of equal social status?

A

left cheek only

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21
Q

what does hitting the right cheek require?

A

a backhand slap

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22
Q

generally, who were the ones who received a back hand slap?

A

slaves, wives, children, Jews (those not of equal social status - inferiors in the Roman world)

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23
Q

what does turning the other cheek do?

A

the victim refuses to live in fear & subjugation
&
attacker is one humiliated (appropriately)

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24
Q

what is a tunic?

A

regular clothes

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25
Q

what is a cloak?

A

undergarmet

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26
Q

in Jesus’ time, what was the view about nakedness?

A

the naked one was not shamed, but the ones who viewed nakedness

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27
Q

in 1st century Palestine, what was the tunic used as?

A

a collateral for a debt in a public court

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28
Q

what happened when someone would give away their cloak in addition to their tunic?

A

Jesus’ followers set themselves free from their economic oppressors - they turned the humiliation around & made the others in the room embarrassed to look upon their nakedness

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29
Q

what was one thing Roman soldiers could force any non-citizen to do?

A

carry their baggage for one mile

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30
Q

what would happen if anyone carried a Roman bag for more than one mile?

A

it was punishable upon the soldier by Roman law

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31
Q

what did Jesus’ followers do by voluntarily walking an extra mile?

A

they couple loving service of others w/ nonviolent resistance to the occupiers (they put soldiers at risk of being caught & punished so therefore turned the situation around)

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32
Q

what would happen to the problem of temporary slavery bc of the extra mile?

A

it would cease after a few soldiers face the consequences of pressing the Jews into service for 2 miles

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33
Q

when was the Apostolic period?

A

around 30-70 CE (common era)

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34
Q

after Pentecost, how did the Jesus community begin to enact the Kingdom that Jesus preached?

A

both in preaching & in communal life

  • no needy person among them (they eliminated poverty)
  • “Breaking bread”
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35
Q

when was Paul born?

A

before the year 10 AD

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36
Q

who was Paul born to?

A

a Jewish family

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37
Q

where was Paul from?

A

Tarsus, in Cilicia (now Eastern Turkey)

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38
Q

what was special about Paul?

A

he was both a Jew & a Roman citizen

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39
Q

where was Paul educated?

A

in Jerusalem - at the feet of Gamaliel he was educated in ancestral law & was zealous for God

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40
Q

what does Jerusalem mean?

A

city of peace

41
Q

what did Saul do to early Christians?

A

he persecuted them

42
Q

was Saul present at martyrdom of Stephen?

A

yes

43
Q

what was special about Stephen’s martyrdom?

A

he was the 1st Christian martyred

44
Q

when was Saul converted to Paul?

A

approx. 33-35 CE

45
Q

where was Saul heading to when he was converted?

A

Damascus to hunt Christians

46
Q

what did Jesus say to Saul when he was converted?

A

“Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?”

47
Q

what did Saul/Paul do soon after being converted?

A

preaching about Christ

48
Q

what did Paul never view his conversion as?

A

a change in religion

49
Q

What did Paul’s conversion & baptism really mean?

A

that he had discovered his true & proper place in the life of Israel

50
Q

where was Paul granted permission by the Apostles to preach to Gentiles about Jesus?

A

Council of Jerusalem

51
Q

what did the Council of Jerusalem decide about Gentile converts?

A

they did not have to become Jewish to become Christians (they only had to follow a few Jewish laws, not including circumcision)

52
Q

what were Jesus & the 1st Christians?

A

Jewish

53
Q

did Jesus seek a separate religion from Judaism?

A

no

54
Q

what is the Faith we have today rooted in?

A

Judaism & Greek philosophy

55
Q

how did the separation from Judaism come about?

A
  • divide came about over time
  • from beginning, some leaders wanted to do away w/ followers of “the Way”
    • most notably, Saul who later became St. Paul
  • Christian acceptance of non-Jews into their community seems to have been the last straw
  • 70 CE –> Rome destroys Templte
  • Pharisees meet in Jamnia & expel Christians from synagogue once & for all
    • ^ where they decide Jesus is not Messiah & anyone who worships him is not a Jew
56
Q

what happened in 70 CE/AD?

A

Rome destroys the Temple

57
Q

when & where did the term “Christian” arise?

A

as early as 40 CE in Antioch

58
Q

what does Christian mean?

A

“men of Christ”

59
Q

when is “Christian” most true?

A

when we not only believe, but live out our faith

60
Q

what does “catholic” mean?

A

universal

61
Q

what language does “catholic” come from?

A

Greek

62
Q

why are Catholics called Catholic (universal)?

A

by 112 CE, Christianity had spread everywhere in the Mediterranean world - their “universe”

63
Q

where did the Church begin & where was it centered?

A

in Jerusalem

64
Q

who were the leaders of the Church when it began?

A

the Apostles (especially Peter)

65
Q

as faith spread throughout Mediterranean, what happened with leadership?

A

other leaders joined

66
Q

what is the Greek term for bishop?

A

Episcopos (Greek)

67
Q

what is the Greek term for priest?

A

Presbyter (Greek)

68
Q

what other leaders joined the faith to assist in leading the Church?

A

bishops & priests

69
Q

what does episcopos mean?

A

“overseer” or “boss” outside of the church

70
Q

why did bishops take place as leaders?

A

Christianity was spreading & growing & Apostles were dying

71
Q

what is Apostolic succession?

A

every Catholic & Orthodox bishop can trace his lineage to the Twelve Apostles (theoretically)

72
Q

what term do bishops use to describe their job?

A

“overseer”

73
Q

what did the Bishop of Rome eventually become known as?

A

pope or “papa”

74
Q

who took on a special leadership role over time?

A

the successor of Peter, chief of the Apostles

75
Q

what is a source of division between Catholic Church & Orthodox Churches as well as Anglican Church?

A

the Bishop of Rome becoming known as the pope and having a special leadership role

76
Q

what is the role of the Bishop? (short version)

A

to preach, to teach, & to sanctify (make holy)

77
Q

what is the role of the bishop? (long version)

A
  • link between local church (diocese) & the Universal Church
  • chief teacher & preacher of the Faith, responsible for the spiritual welfare of those under his care
  • overseeing other ministers of the church who are under his authority
78
Q

what is the role of the priest?

A
  • assisting bishop (in caring for spiritual welfare of diocese)
    • represent bishop in his absence
  • preach & teach the faith
  • lead celebration of the sacraments (except Holy Orders)
79
Q

where is the ministry of the diaconate rooted in?

A

the Acts of the Apostles

80
Q

what is the role of the deacon?

A
  • to distribute goods to those in need

- to preach the gospel

81
Q

where was Simon/Peter born?

A

Bethsaida, a town on the Sea of Galilee

82
Q

what was the relation between Simon/Peter & the Apostles Andrew & Philip

A

Andrew was Simon/Peter’s brother & Philip was from the same town

83
Q

where was Simon/Peter settled?

A

Capernum

84
Q

who was Simon/Peter living with?

A

his mother-in-law (so he was married)

85
Q

what was Simon/Peter’s profession?

A

fisherman on Sea of Galilee (possessed his own boat)

86
Q

who were the 1st disciples called by Jesus?

A

Simon & his brother Andrew

87
Q

Simon/Peter was a passionate follower of Jesus but…

A

he was often clueless

-thus providing a great hope to us

88
Q

who was the 1st to confess his belief in Jesus as the Messiah?

A

Peter

89
Q

what does the word Peter come from?

A

the Latin word for rock - petros

90
Q

Peter is what?

A

the rock foundation of the Church

91
Q

who has the Keys to the Kingdom?

A

Peter - Jesus explicitly gives him authority over the Church

92
Q

is Peter singled out as superior to the other apostles, & later bishops?

A

yes, this is demonstrated in Gospels & Acts

93
Q

what does “see” mean?

A

see = Latin “sedes” meaning “seat” or “place of authority”

94
Q

by the year 70 AD, what did Peter do?

A

made his way to Rome to spread the Gospel message

95
Q

where did Peter die by crucifixion?

A

Rome

96
Q

what was different about Peter’s crucifixion?

A

per his request, he was crucified upside-down

97
Q

how did Paul die?

A

he was beheaded in Rome

98
Q

what would being crucified upside down do to the dying process?

A

it would make it slower & more painful

99
Q

Peter’s death coupled with the Jewish Diaspora leads to what?

A

Rome becoming the center of Christianity

100
Q

what is the diaspora?

A

when Rome destroyed the Temple & crushed the large rebellion of Jewish revolutionaries (who all dispersed)

Catholic Tradition (11 decks)

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